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1.1

Æ®·°¿îÀü¼ö°¡ ³ëº¯ ½Ä´ç¿¡ ¸ØÃß¾ú´Ù. ¿þÀÌÆ®·¹½º°¡ Çܹö°Å Çϳª, Ä¿ÇÇ ÇÑÀÜ, ÆÄÀÌ ÇÑÂÊÀ» °¡Á®¿Ô´Ù. Æ®·°¿îÀü¼ö°¡ ¸ÔÀ¸·Á´Â ¼ø°£ °¡Á× ÀÚÄÏ Â÷¸²ÀÇ ¼¼ ³²ÀÚ°¡ ¿ÀÅä¹ÙÀ̸¦ ¼¼¿ö³õ°í ¾ÈÀ¸·Î µé¾î¿Ô´Ù. ÇÑ ¸íÀº Æ®·°¿îÀü¼öÀÇ Çܹö°Å¸¦ ³¬¾ÆÃ«°í, µÎ ¹øÂ°´Â Ä¿ÇǸ¦ ¸¶¼Ì°í, ³ª¸ÓÁö ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ÆÄÀ̸¦ »©¾Ñ¾Ò´Ù. Æ®·°¿îÀü¼ö´Â ÇѸ¶µð ¸»µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÚ¸®¿¡¼­ ÀϾ ÀÚÄÏÀ» ÀÔ°í °è»êÀ» ÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª°¬´Ù.

¿ÀÅä¹ÙÀÌÁ· ÇÑ ¸íÀÌ °è»êÇÏ´Â ¿©ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù. "º° º¼ÀÏ ¾ø´Â ³²ÀÚÁö?"

"º° º¼ÀÏ ¾ø´Â ¿îÀü¼öÀ̱⵵ ÇØ¿ä. ¹æ±Ý ±×ÀÇ Æ®·°À¸·Î ¿ÀÅä¹ÙÀÌ 3 ´ë¸¦ ±ò¾Æ¹¶°º¾î¿ä." ±×³à°¡ ´ë´äÇß´Ù.

*diner ±æ°¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÛÀº ½Ä´ç a small restaurant beside the road

*about to ¾î¶² ÀÏÀ» ¸· ÇÏ·Á°í ÇÏ´Â on the point of (doing something), just going to (do something): ³ª´Â ¸· Ãâ¹ßÇÏ·Á´ø ÂüÀ̾ú´Ù. I was about to start.

.*pull up (Â÷·® µûÀ§°¡) ¼­´Ù; ¸ØÃß´Ù come to a stop: Â÷´Â ½ÅÈ£µî ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ¸ØÃß¾ú´Ù. The car pulled up at the traffic lights.

*grab ¼¼°Ô ¿òÄÑÁã´Ù, ³¬¾ÆÃ¤´Ù take roughly; selfishly or eagerly snatch: °³´Â »À¸¦ ³¬¾ÆÃ¦ ´ÙÀ½ ´Þ¾Æ³µ´Ù. The dog grabbed the bone and ran off with it.

*cashier Çö±ÝÃâ³³¿ø person who receives and pays out money in a bank, store, etc.

*not much of a ´ë´ÜÄ¡ ¾ÊÀº not a good: ±×´Â ÇÐÀڷμ­ ´ë´ÜÄ¡ ¾Ê´Ù. He's not much of a scholar.

*put on ¡¦À» ÀÔ´Ù clothe oneself with: ¸ðÀÚ¸¦ ¾²´Ù put one's hat on

*run over Ä¡´Ù (of a vehicle, knock down and) pass over: ¹ö½º°¡ ±×ÀÇ ´Ù¸®¸¦ Ä¡¾ú´Ù. The bus ran over his legs.

The truck driver stopped at a roadside diner. His waitress brought him a hamburger, a cup of coffee and a piece of pie. As the trucker was about to start eating, three men in leather jackets pulled up on motorcycles and came inside. One grabbed the man's hamburger, the second one drank his coffee and the other one took his pie. The truck driver didn't say a word. He got up, put on his jacket, paid the cashier and left.

One of the bikers said to the cashier, "Not much of a man, is he?"

"He's not much of a driver either," she replied. "He just ran his truck over three motorcycles."




1.2

³²ÀÚ´Â Àǻ翡°Ô Àü¿¡ ´Ã ÇØ¿Ô´ø ¸ðµç Áý¾È ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù. °ËÁøÀÌ ³¡³µÀ» ¶§ ±×°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù. "ÀÇ»ç ¼±»ý´Ô, ¹Þ¾Æµå¸± ¸¶À½ÀÇ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¹«¾ùÀÌ À߸øµÇ¾ú´ÂÁö ½¬¿î ¿µ¾î·Î ¸»¾¸ÇØÁֽʽÿÀ."

"½¬¿î ¿µ¾î·Î ¸»Çؼ­," Àǻ簡 ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "´ç½ÅÀº °ÔÀ¸¸¥ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù."

"¾Ë°Ú½À´Ï´Ù." ³²ÀÚ°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù. "ÀÌÁ¦ Á¦ ó¿¡°Ô ¸»ÇØÁÙ ÀÇÇпë¾î¸¦ °¡¸£ÃÄÁֽʽÿÀ."

*used °ú°Å¿¡ ¾î¶² ÀÏÀ» Çϰï Çß¾ú´Ù (used in the past tense for showing that something always or regularly happened): Àü¿¡´Â ±ØÀå¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ °¬¾ú´Âµ¥ ¿äÁòÀº ½Ã°£ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. I used to go to the cinema a lot, but I never get the time now.

*can take it °íÅëÀ» °¨¼öÇÒ ¸¶À½ÀÇ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù be able to endure suffering, etc.

*plain ÆòÀÌÇØ¼­ ¾Ë±â ½¬¿î clear; easy to see, hear, or understand: ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Ë±â ½¬¿î ¿µ¾î·Î ¼³¸íÇϽÿÀ. Explain it in plain English.

*term ¿ë¾î a word or expression that has a particular meaning or is used in a particular activity, job, profession, etc.: °ÇÃà¾÷¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¿ë¾î a term used in the building trade

The man told his doctor that he wasn't able to do all the things around the house that he used to do. When the examination was complete, he said, "Now, Doc, I can take it. Tell me in plain English what is wrong with me."

"Well, in plain English," the doctor replied, "you're just lazy."

"Okay," said the man. "Now give me the medical term so I can tell my wife."

1.3

ÇÑ ¸íÀº ´Ä°í ÇÑ ¸íÀº ÀþÀº µÎ Á¤½Å°ú Àǻ簡 ¸ÅÀÏ ±ò²ûÇÏ°Ô Â÷·ÁÀÔ°í, ¸¼Àº ±âºÐÀ¸·Î Ãâ±ÙÇÑ´Ù. Àϰú°¡ ³¡³¯ ¶§ ÀþÀº ÀÇ»ç´Â ³ìÃʰ¡ µÇ°í ÇëŬ¾îÁ³´Âµ¥ ´ÄÀº ÀÇ»ç´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ »ê¶æÇÏ´Ù.

"¾î°¼­ ±×·¸½À´Ï´Ù?" ÀþÀº Á¤½Å°ú Àǻ簡 µ¿·á Àǻ翡°Ô ¹°¾ú´Ù. "¿ÂÁ¾ÀÏ È¯ÀÚµéÀÇ À̾߱⸦ µè°í¼­µµ Ç×»ó ¸ÖÂÄÇϽʴϴÙ." Àǻ簡 ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "³­ ±Í´ã¾Æ µèÁö ¾Ê°Åµç."

*psychiatrist Á¤½Å°ú ÀÇ»ç a doctor trained in the study and treatment of diseases of the mind

*both µÑ ´Ù the two: µÑ ´Ù ÁÁ´Ù. Both are good.

*show up ¿¹»óµÈ °÷¿¡ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Ù arrive as expected: ³×°¡ ÃÊ´ëÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¿Ô³Ä? Did everyone you invited show up?

*alert ±â¹ÎÇÑ; Á¤½ÅÀ» ¹Ù¦ Â÷¸®°í ÀÖ´Â full awake; lively: ±â¹ÎÇÏ°Ô ´ë´äÇÏ´Â alert in answering questions

*immaculate ±ò²ûÇÑ clean and unspoiled: ±ò²ûÇÑ Èò ±¸µÎ immaculate white shoes

*frazzled Àܶà ÁöÄ£ worn out; being completely tired in body and mind, owing to hard work or other difficulties: ¿ì¸®¸¦ ³ìÃÊ·Î ¸¸µç ´ÊÀº ¹ãÀÇ ÆÄƼ a late party that left us frazzled

*dishevelled (¸Ó¸®°¡) ÇëŬ¾îÁø (especially someone's hair) untidy: È寮·¯Áø ¿Ü¸ð dishevelled appearance

*colleague Á÷Àå µ¿·á someone who works in the same place: ±×³à¿Í ³ª´Â Á÷À嵿·áÀÌ´Ù. She and I are colleagues.

Two psychiatrists, one old and one young, both show up each day for work immaculately dressed and alert. At the end of the day, the young doctor is frazzled and disheveled; the older man, fresh as ever.

"How do you do it?" the young psychiatrist asked his colleague. "You always stay so fresh after hearing patients all day." The doctor replied, "I never listen."

1.4

¾î´À Áß³â ºÎºÎ¿Í °ø¿ø¿¡¼­ °°Àº º¥Ä¡¿¡ ¾É¾Æ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ºÎÀÎÀº °¡Á®¿Â ¿©·¯ ±ÇÀÇ Ã¥ Áß ÇÑ ±Ç¿¡ ½ÉÃëÇØ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥ ³²ÆíÀº Áö³ª°¡´Â ¿¹»Û ¿©ÀÚµéÀ» ¶Õ¾îÁö°Ô ÃÄ´Ùº¸°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. "¿©º¸," ºÎÀÎÀÌ Ã¥ ÇÑ ±ÇÀ» Áָ鼭 ¸»Çß´Ù. "Ã¥À» ÀÐÀ¸¸é¼­ ´«À» ½¬´Â °Ô ¾î¶§¿ä?"

*engross ¸ôµÎÇÏ´Ù fill completely the time and attention of; absorb: ½Ã°£À» ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÀØÀ» Á¤µµ·Î ÀÏ¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇß´Ù. I was so engrossed in my work that I completely forgot the time.

*ogle Ã߯ď¦ ´øÁö´Ù look (at) with great interest, especially sexual interest: ÀþÀº ¿©Àڵ鿡°Ô Ã߯ď¦ ´øÁö´Â ´ÄÀºÀ̵é old men ogling young girls

*offer ÁÖ´Ù; Á¦°øÇÏ´Ù provide; give: ±× Çù¾àÀº Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ÆòÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±â´ë¸¦ º°·Î ÁÖÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. The agreement does not offer much hope of a lasting peace.

*volume Ã¥ a book: ±×ÀÇ ¼­Àç´Â Èñ±ÍÇÑ °í¼­µé·Î °¡µæ á´Ù. His library was full of rare old volumes.

I was sharing a park bench with a middle-aged couple. The wife was engrossed in one of several books she had with her, while the husband ogled passing pretty women. "Dear," the wife suggested, offering one of her volumes, "why don't you read a book and rest your eyes?"


1.5

½Ã¾î¸Ó´Ï¿Í ÇÔ²² ³²Æí Á¦¸®°¡ ½ÂÁøÇÏ°Ô µÈ °Í¿¡ °üÇØ À̾߱âÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. "±× ¾Ö´Â ȸ»çÀÇ ÃÖ¿ì¼ö »ç¿ø Áß Çϳª¾ß." ½Ã¾î¸Ó´Ï°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù. "¿­½ÉÈ÷ ÀÏÇϰí, ¹ÏÀ½Á÷½º·´°í, º´µµ ¾È³ª."

"¸Â¾Æ¿ä." ³»°¡ µ¿°¨Çß´Ù. "¿ì¸®°¡ °áÈ¥ÇÑ 2³â µ¿¾È ¾ÆÇ ÀûÀº µÎ ¹ø »ÓÀ̾ú¾î¿ä."

"±× Àü¿¡´Â Á¦¸®°¡ ¾ÆÇ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø¾úÁö." ½Ã¾î¸Ó´Ï°¡ ¸»À» À̾ú´Ù.

*promotion ½ÂÁø, Áø±Þ advancement in rank or position: ½ÂÁøÀ» ÃàÇÏÇÕ´Ï´Ù! Congratulations on you promotion!

My mother-in-law and I were discussing a promotion we hoped my husband, Jerry, would get. "He's one of the best people they have," she said. "He works hard, is dependable and doesn't get sick."

"That's right," I agreed. "During the two years we've been married, he has been ill only twice."

"And Jerry was never sick before that!" my mother-in-law added.

1.6

¾ÆµéÀÌ Å¾±â Àü¿¡ ³²Æí°ú ³ª´Â º´¿ø¿¡¼­ ÇÏ´Â Ãâ»ê ±³½Ç¿¡ ´Ù³æ´Ù. ¾î´À ³¯ ¿ì¸®´Â »ê½ÇÀ» µ¹¾Æº¸¾Ò´Ù. Áöµµ±³»ç´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ ¸Ó¹® ¸¶Áö¸· ³¯ Àú³á¿¡ µÎ »ç¶÷ ºÐ ½Ä»ç¸¦ ¹«·á·Î Á¦°øÇÏ°Ú´Ù¸ç ¸Þ´º ¼±Åÿ¡ °üÇØ ¸»ÇØÁÖ¾ú´Ù. °ßÇÐÀ» °è¼ÓÇϸ鼭 ³ª´Â ³²Æí¿¡°Ô ¼Ó»è¿´´Ù. "¿©º¸, ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¼³·¡Á®¿ä." "³ªµµ ±×·¡." ³²ÆíÀÌ ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "³ª´Â ¹Ù´å°¡Àç ¿ä¸®¸¦ ÁÖ¹®ÇҰžß."

*maternity ÀӽŰú Ãâ»êÀÇ for pregnancy and giving birth: º´¿øÀÇ »ê½Ç the hospital's maternity ward

*ward º´µ¿; º´½Ç a large room in a hospital, usually for people needing similar treatment

*complimentary ¹«»óÀ¸·Î ÁõÁ¤ÇÏ´Â giving free as a favor or out of respect: ¹«»óÀ¸·Î ÁõÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ±ØÀåÇ¥ complimentary tickets for the theater

*lobster ¹Ù´å°¡Àç a large eight-legged sea animal with a shell and two large claws: Its meat can be eaten after boiling.

Before the arrival of our son, my husband and I attended birthing classes at the hospital. One day we toured the maternity ward. The instructor mentioned that on the last evening of our stay we'd be given a complimentary dinner for two, and she told us what the menu selections would be. As we continued the tour, I whispered to my husband, "Honey, I'm getting so excited."

"Me too," he replied. "I'm going to order the lobster."


1.7

¿ì¸®°¡ °ÌÀïÀÌ·Î ÇൿÇÏµç ¿µ¿õÀ¸·Î ÇൿÇϵç ÀλýÀº Èê·¯°£´Ù. ÀλýÀ» ±ú´Ý°í ½ÍÀ¸¸é ÀλýÀ» ¹«Á¶°Ç ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Â °Í À̿ܿ¡ ÀλýÀº ´Ù¸¥ ±Ô¹üÀ» °­¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿Ü¸éÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç °Í, ÇÇÇØ ´Þ¾Æ³ª·Á´Â ¸ðµç °Í, ºÎÀÎÇÏ°í °æ¸êÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ °á±¹ ¿ì¸®¸¦ ÆÐ¹è½ÃŰ´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Ä¡»çÇϰí, °íÅ뽺·´°í, »ç¾ÇÇØ º¸ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸¶À½À» ¿­°í ¸ÂÀÌÇÏ¸é ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ò°ú Áñ°Å¿ò°ú ÈûÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÃßÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¾Æ¸§´ä°Ô º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÅëÂû·ÂÀ» °¡Áø »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¸ðµç ¼ø°£Àº ±ÍÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

*discipline ±Ô¹ü set rules for conduct: ±³Ä¢ school discipline

*would ¹Ù¶ó´Ù; ¿øÇÏ´Ù wish: ³Í ¹«¾ùÀ» ¿øÇϳÄ? What would you?

*but ¿ÀÁ÷; ´Ù¸¸ only: ¿ì¸®´Â ½ÃµµÇغ¼ »ÓÀÌ´Ù. We can but try.

*impose °­¿äÇÏ´Ù force the acceptance of: Á¤º¹ÀÚµéÀº ÆÐ¹èÇÑ Àû¿¡°Ô ¾î·Á¿î ÆòÈ­ Á¶°ÇÀ» °­¿äÇß´Ù. The conquerors imposed difficult conditions of peace on the defeated enemy.

*shut one's eyes to ¿Ü¸éÇÏ´Ù refuse to see or take notice of: ±×´Â º¸°í ½ÍÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ» ÀǵµÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Ü¸éÇß´Ù. He deliberately shut his eyes to what he did not wish to see.

*serve µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ´Ù be of use: ±×°ÍÀº ±×ÀÇ Á¤Á÷¼ºÀ» Áõ¸íÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù. That serves to show his honesty.

*in the end ¸¶Ä§³»; °á±¹ finally, at last: »ýȰºñ¸¦ ¹ú·Á°í ¿©·¯¸ð·Î ³ë·ÂÇÏ´Ù ¸¶Ä§³» ±×´Â ³óÀå ÀϲÛÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. He tried many ways of earning a living; in the end he became a farm laborer.

*nasty ÁöÀúºÐÇÑ; ¿ª°Ü¿î dirty; disgusting; unpleasant: Ä¡»ç½º·± ³²ÀÚ a man with a nasty mind

*source ±Ù¿ø; Ãâó place from which something comes: ±× ¼Ò½ÄÀÇ Ãâó´Â ¹ÏÀ» ¸¸ÇÏ´Ù. The news comes from a reliable source.

*vision ÅëÂû·Â; Çý¾È power of seeing or imagining, looking ahead, grasping the truth that underlies facts: ¼±ÁöÀÚÀÇ Çý¾È the vision of a prophet

*recognize ¾Ë´Ù; ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù see clearly; be prepared to agree: ±×¸¦ »ó¼ÓÀÚ·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù recognize him as heir

Life moves on, whether we act as cowards or as heroes. Life has no other discipline to impose, if we would but realize it, than to accept life unquestioningly. Everything we shut our eyes to, everything we run away from, everything we deny, or despise, serves to defeat us in the end. What seems nasty, painful, evil, can become a source of beauty, joy and strength, if faced with open mind. Every moment is a golden one for him who has the vision to recognize it as such.

1.8

±â¾ï·Â ÈÆ·Ã ÄÚ½º°¡ ¿äÁò Å©°Ô À¯ÇàÇϰí Àִµ¥ ±â¾ïÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ÇÒ¼ö·Ï ÁÁ´Ù°í ¿©±â´Â °Í °°´Ù. ±â¾ïÀÇ Áñ°Å¿òµµ ³ôÀÌ Æò°¡µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÐ¸íÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸Á°¢µµ Àΰ£À» ÇູÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ ÇÑ ¸òÀ» ÇÑ´Ù°í È®½ÅÇÑ´Ù. ¸Æº£µå ºÎºÎ´Â ´øÄÁÀ» »ìÇØÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ÀØÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¾î¶² ´ë°¡¶óµµ Ä¡·¶À» °ÍÀ̰í, Á¤Ä¡°¡µéÀº ¼±°Å °ø¾àÀ» ÀØ°Ô ÇØÁÙ °ÍÀ» °¥¸ÁÇØ¿Ô´Ù. ÀÌ ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ºÒÇàÇÑ »ç¶÷µé Áß¿¡´Â °ú°Å¿¡ ´çÇÑ »óó¸¦ ÀØÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. °ú°Å¿¡ ³²¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÑ ³ª»Û ÁþÀ» ÀØÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéµµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ºñÂüÇÏ´Ù. ±â¾ïÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº °ÍÀº Àذí, Àؾî¾ß ÇÒ °ÍµéÀº ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Àΰ£ÀÇ ¼Ó¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¾àÁ¡À» ±Øº¹ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±â¾ï·Â ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

*be in/come into vogue À¯ÇàÇÏ´Ù be popular: ³¡ÀÌ »ÏÁ·ÇÑ ±¸µÎ°¡ À¯ÇàÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾ðÁ¦¿´³Ä? When did pointed shoes come into vogue?

*take something for granted ´ç¿¬ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Ù accept it without question: ¿ì¸®°¡ »õ µµ·Î¸¦ °Ç¼³ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ´ç¿¬ÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. I take it for granted that we should build new roads.

*rate Æò°¡ÇÏ´Ù consider; set a value on: ³ª´Â ±×¸¦ ½ÃÀÎÀ¸·Î ³ôÀÌ Æò°¡ÇÑ´Ù. I rate him high as a poet.

*a good deal »ó´çÇÑ ¾ç, Á¤µµ a large or considerable quantity; quite a lot: ±×´Â »ó´çÈ÷ ¸¹Àº µ·À» ÀÇ·áºñ·Î ½è¾ß Çß´Ù. He has had to spend a good deal of money on medicine.

*long °¥¸ÁÇÏ´Ù desire earnestly; wish for very much: ³Ê¸¦ ¸¸³ª°Ô µÇ±â¸¦ °£ÀýÈ÷ ¹Ù¶ó°í ÀÖ´Ù. I'm longing to see you.

*pledge ¼­¾à; °ø¾à a solemn promise or agreement: ¿øÁ¶¸¦ Çϰڴٴ ¼­¾à a pledge of aid

*inflict °íÅëÀ» °¡ÇÏ´Ù cause to suffer: ¾î¶² »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ½ÉÇÑ »óó¸¦ ÀÔÈ÷´Ù inflict a severe wound upon somebody

*constitute Çü¼ºÇÏ´Ù, ±¸Á¶¸¦ ÀÌ·ç´Ù make up; be the components of: ±×´Â ºÎ´çÇÑ ºñÆÇÀ» È­³»Áö ¾Ê°í ¹Þ¾Æµå¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¼º°ÝÀÌ´Ù. He's so constituted (=His nature is such) that he can accept unjust criticism without getting angry.

*overcome ±Øº¹ÇÏ´Ù get the better of; be too strong for: ¾Ç½ÀÀ» ±Øº¹ÇÏ´Ù overcome a bad habit

Memory-training courses are much in vogue nowadays, and it seems to be taken for granted that the more things we remember, the happier we are. The pleasures of memory must certainly be rated high, but I am sure forgetfulness also plays a part in making human beings happy. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth would have given a good deal to be able to forget the murder of Duncan, and many a politician has longed to be allowed to forget his election pledges. Some of the unhappiest people in the world are those who cannot forget injuries inflicted on them in the past. Others are equally miserable, because they cannot forget wrongs they have done others. Human beings are so constituted, indeed, that they forget the things they would like to remember, and remember the things they would prefer to forget. The memory should be trained, I think, to overcome both those weaknesses.

1.9

¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ´Â ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®¿¡°Ô '¾Æ´Ï¿À'¶ó°í ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®ÀÇ È£°¨À» ÀÒ¾úÀ» ¶§ ¸Ô°í»ì ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â È®½ÅÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®¿¡°Ô '¾Æ´Ï¿À'¶ó°í ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °¡Á·µéÀÌ °è¼Ó »ì¾Æ°¥ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å­ ÃæºÐÇÑ ºÎ¸¦ »ý»êÇÒ ¼ö´ÜÀ» ¼ÒÀ¯Ç߰ųª °ú°Å¿¡ ¹ø µ·À» ÀúÃàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú°Å³ª ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ »õ·Ó°Ô Ãâ¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î ÀÏÅÍ·Î ¿Å°Ü°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±âȸ°¡ ¾ø´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½ ³¢´Ï¸¦ È®½ÅÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÈ´Ù.

*among other things ´Ù¸¥ ¾î¶² °Íº¸´Ù ¸ÕÀú above all, most of all: ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ±×´Â ±×ÀÇ ¿©ÀÚµéÀÌ ¹ÌÀÎÀ̱⸦ ¹Ù¶ú´Ù. He liked his women, among other things, to be lookers.

*boss ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®; »ó±ÞÀÚ superior; person who controls or gives orders to workers: ÀÌ Áý¾È¿¡ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®°¡ ´©±¸³Ä? Who's the boss in this house?

*favor È£ÀÇ; ÃÑ¾Ö active approval: ±×³àÀÇ È¯½ÉÀ» ¾òÀ¸·Á°í ±×´Â ÃÖ¼±À» ´ÙÇß´Ù. He did all he could to win her favor.

*withdraw ö¼ö½ÃŰ´Ù pull or draw back; take out or away: ±Ù·ÎÀÚµéÀº ÀÏÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù°í À§ÇùÇß´Ù. The workers threatened to withdraw their labor.

*means µ·; Àç¹° money; wealth; resources: ´ç½Å°ú °°Àº Àç»ê°¡ a man of your means

*accumulate ÃàÀûÇÏ´Ù make or become greater; heap up: ¿­½ÉÈ÷ ÀÏÇÏ¸é °Å±ÝÀ» ¸ðÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Å´Ù. By working hard you may accumulate a fortune.

*surplus À׿©; ³²´Â °Í amount in excess of requirements: Áö³­ÇØ ºê¶óÁú¿¡´Â Ä¿Çǰ¡ ³²¾Æµ¹¾Ò´Ù. Brazil has a surplus of coffee last year.

*wages ³ëÀÓ, ÀÓ±Ý(ìüÐÝ) payment made or received for work or services: ±×ÀÇ ÀÓ±ÝÀº ÁÖ´ç 500´Þ·¯ÀÌ´Ù. His wages are $500 a week.

*virgin óÀ½ÀÇ; ³²ÀÌ ¼Õ´ëÁö ¾ÊÀº fresh; unchanged by human activity: óÀ½À¸·Î °³Ã´ÇÑ ÆÇ¸Å Áö¿ª virgin sales territory

*territory Áö¿ª; ±¸¿ª an area of interest: ÀÌ ¼¼ÀÏÁî¸ÇÀº ³ÐÀº Áö¿ªÀ» µ¹¾Æ´Ù´Ñ´Ù. This salesman travels over a large territory.

Democracy is, among other things, the ability to say 'No' to the boss. But a man cannot say 'No' to the boss unless he is sure of being able to eat when the boss's favor has been withdrawn. And he cannot be certain of his next meal unless he owned the means of producing enough wealth for his family to live on, or has been able to accumulate a surplus out of past wages, or has a chance of moving away to virgin territories, where he can make a fresh new start.

1.10

óÀ½¿£ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù°¡ ³ªÁß¿¡ ¼º°øÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ ¼º°øÇÏ·Á°í ¾Ö¾²°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÈûÀ» ÁØ´Ù. ù¹ø ½Ãµµ¿¡ ¼º°øÇÑ »ç¶÷ ¼ö´Â Àû´Ù. ÁÔ ½ºÅ¸Àκ¤Àº ÀÛ°¡·Î¼­ ¿©·¯ ÇØ µ¿¾È ±¾ÁÖ¸®´Ù°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇß´ø ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ¾ò¾î¼­ '¼º³­ Æ÷µµ'¸¦ ½è´Ù. ÇèÇÁ¸® º¸°¡µå´Â ±³¼ö¸¦ ºÐ¼ö ¼Ó¿¡ ´øÁ® ´ëÇп¡¼­ ÂѰܳ¯ Á¤µµ·Î ´Ù·ç±â¾î·Á¿î ¸»½é²Ù·¯±â¿´´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â ±×°¡ Àǻ簡 µÇ±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶úÁö¸¸ º¸°¡µå´Â ¿ù ½ºÆ®¸®Æ®¿¡ Áõ±Ç ºê·ÎÄ¿·Î¼­ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿¹Àμ± °Ë»ç¿øÀ¸·Î¼­Á¶Â÷ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù. ÁÖ´ç 50´Þ·¯¸¦ ¹Þ´Â ¹«´ë ¸Å´ÏÀú·Î¼­ ¼î ºñÁö³×½º¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇØº¸·Á ÇßÁö¸¸ ÇØ°í´çÇß´Ù. ¿¬±â ÂÊÀ¸·Î ¹æÇâÀ» ¹Ù²ã ÇϿ콺º¸ÀÌ¿ªÀ» ¸Ã¾Æ óÀ½À¸·Î ¹«´ë¿¡ ³ª¿Ô´Âµ¥ ù³¯ ¹ã °ø¿¬¿¡¼­ Á¢½Ã Æ®·¹À̸¦ ¶³¾î¶ß¸®´Â ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀúÁú·¶´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×´Â ¹è¿ì·Î ´ë¼ºÇß°í ¿µÈ­°èÀÇ Àü¼³ÀûÀÎ Àι°ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.

*inspire ÈûÀ» ÁÖ´Ù; °í¹«½ÃŰ´Ù encourage in someone the ability to act: ´ç½ÅÀº ³»°¡ ´õ Å« ³ë·ÂÀ» Çϵµ·Ï ÈûÀ» ÁØ´Ù. You inspire me to greater efforts.

*struggle ¾Ö¾²´Ù make great efforts: µµµÏÀº °æÂû°üÀÇ ¼ÕÀ» »Ñ¸®Ä¡°í ´Þ¾Æ³ª·Á°í ¾Ö¸¦ ½è´Ù. The thief struggled in the policeman's arms to get free.

*make it ¼º°øÇÏ´Ù succeed: ¿¬¿¹°è¿¡¼­ Á¤»ó¿¡ ¿À¸£±â´Â ¾î·Æ´Ù. It's hard to make it to the top in show business.

*venture À§ÇèÀÌ µû¸£´Â ÀÏ undertaking in which there is risk: ¸ðÇèÀûÀÎ »ç¾÷ a business venture

*theme ÁÖÁ¦ the subject of a talk, piece of writing, etc.: ±×ÀÇ ¼Ò¼³µéÀº ÀÚ¾Æ ¹ß°ßÀ̶ó´Â ÁÖÁ¦¿Í ¿¬°üµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. His stories are linked by the theme of self-discovery.

*misfit ºÎÀû°ÝÀÚ; ¸»½é²Ù·¯±â person not well suited to his position or his associates: Á÷ÀåÀÇ ºÎÀû°ÝÀÚ a misfit in one's job

*expel ÃàÃâÇÏ´Ù; ÂѾƹö¸®´Ù send out or away by force: Ŭ·´¿¡¼­ ÂѰܳª´Ù be expelled from a club

*tug-boat ¿¹Àμ± a small powerful boat used for pulling ships

*inspector °Ë»ç¿ø an official who examines the details of something: °ËÇ¥¿øÀÌ ±âÂ÷¿¡ ÅÀ´Ù. A ticket inspector got on the train.

*turn to ÀÏÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Ù begin work: À§¿øÈ¸´Â ÀÏ¿¡ Âø¼öÇÏ¿© °ð °èȹ¾ÈÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. The committee turned to and soon produced a plan.

*part ¿ªÇÒ; ¹è¿ª a character acted by an actor in a play, film, etc.: ±×³à´Â »õ·Î¿î ¿µÈ­¿¡ ¸ÚÁø ¿ªÇÒÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. She's been offered a marvelous part in the new film.

*performance ¿¬±ØÀÇ °ø¿¬ performing of a plat at the theater: 1ÀÏ 2ȸ °ø¿¬ two performances a day

*score ¸í¼ºÀ» ¾ò´Ù; ¼º°øÇÏ´Ù gain or win: ÀÌ ÀÛ°¡´Â ´Ù¸¥ Àαâ Àִ åÀ¸·Î ¶Ç´Ù½Ã ¼º°øÇß´Ù. This writer has scored again with another popular book.

*legend ´ë´ÜÈ÷ À¯¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷ a famous person or act in a particular area of activity: ±×´Â °úÇÐÀû ¹ß°ßÀ¸·Î »ì¾Æ »ýÀü¿¡ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ À¯¸íÇÑ Àι°ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. He is a legend in his own lifetime for his scientific discoveries.

The list of first failures who became successes is inspiring to anyone still struggling to "make it." The number of people who became successes in their first ventures are small. John Steinbeck nearly starved as a writer for years, until he found the theme he needed, and wrote The Grapes of Wrath. Humphrey Bogart was such an unmanageable misfit that he got expelled from college for dumping a professor into a fountain. His father wanted him to be a doctor, but Bogart failed as a Wall Street stockbroker and even as a tugboat inspector. Trying show business as a stage manager at $50 a week, he got fired. He turned to acting and in his first stage appearance, in the part of a houseboy, he accidentally dropped a tray of dishes on stage during the opening night performance. But he finally scored as an actor and became a motion picture legend.

1.11

º¸´Ù Æò¹üÇÑ Àǹ̿¡¼­ ½Ç¿ëÀûÀÎ ³²ÀÚ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ¿©±â´Â ¸ñÇ¥µéÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇϴµ¥ ¸ôµÎÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ¸Ô°í»ç´Â ÀÏ¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ÁýÂøÇÑ´Ù. ½Ä»ýȰ°ú ÁÖ°Å, µ·¹úÀÌ, ü¸éÀ¯Áö, °¡´ÉÇÏ¸é °¡Á¤±îÁö¡ªÀÌ·± °ÍµéÀÌ "½Ç¿ëÀû"À̶ó´Â ¸»¿¡ Àǹ̸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍµéÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ñÀû¿¡ ±â¿©Çϰųª ±â¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ¿¹¸®ÇÑ °ü½ÉÀ» º¸ÀÌ°í ´Ù¸¥ °ÍµéÀº öÀúÇÏ°Ô ¹«½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ½Ç¿ëÀûÀ̶ó´Â ´Ü¾î°¡ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Ï½ÃÇϰí Àִ Ư¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± °ÍµéÀº °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ "½Ç¿ëÀû"À̶ó´Â ¸»Àº Âù»ç°¡ µÇ°í "½ÃÀû"À̶ó´Â ¸»À» °æ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

*attain ¾ò´Ù; ´Þ¼ºÇÏ´Ù succeed in doing or getting: ±â´ëÇÏ´ø ¸ñÀûÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇÏ´Ù attain the end one has in view

*stick to °í¼öÇÏ´Ù be faithful to; remain determined: °á½ÉÀ» °í¼öÇÏ´Ù stick to a resolution

*shelter ÁÖ°ÅÁö the providing of a place to live or stay: ÀǽÄÁÖ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¿å±¸ our need for food, clothing, and shelter

*maintain À¯ÁöÇÏ´Ù keep up; retain; continue: ¿ìÈ£Àû °ü°è¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ´Ù maintain friendly relations with

*acute ¿¹¸®ÇÑ keen, sharp, quick: ±×´Â °üÂû·ÂÀÌ ¿¹¸®ÇÏ´Ù. He is an acute observer.

*regard °ü½É attention; concern; consideration: ±×´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ±âºÐ¿¡ ÀüÇô ¹«°ü½ÉÇÏ´Ù. He has very little regard for the feelings of others.

*feature Ư¡ characteristic or striking part: Áö¿ªÀÇ Áö¸®Àû Ư¡ the geographical features of a district, e.g. mountains, lakes

*contribute ±â¿©ÇÏ´Ù, À̹ÙÁöÇÏ´Ù have a share in; help to bring about: ±×´Â ¼ú ¶§¹®¿¡ ½Å¼¼¸¦ ¸ÁÃÆ´Ù. Drink contributed to his ruin.

*systematic öÀúÇÑ thorough: °æÂûÀº ±× ¹æÀ» öÀúÈ÷ ¼ö»öÇß´Ù. The police made a systematic search of the room.

*trait Ư¼º distinguishing quality or characteristic: ¹Ì±¹ÀÎÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö Ư¼ºÀº °ü´ëÇÔ°ú Á¤·ÂÀÌ´Ù. Two traits in the American character are generosity and energy.

*popularly ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î; ³Î¸® generally; by most people: ±×ÀÇ À̸§Àº ·Î¹öÆ®Àε¥ º¸Åë º¾À̶ó°í ³Î¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁ³´Ù. His name is Robert, but he's popularly known as Bob.

*vital °áÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î Áß¿äÇÑ of critical importance: À̾߱âÀÇ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ Á¡À» ³õÄ¡´Ù miss the vital point of the speech

*eulogy Âù»ç high praise: ¿ÕÁ·¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Âù»ç a eulogy to the royal family

In a more usual sense, perhaps, a practical man is a man occupied with attaining certain ends that people consider important. He must stick pretty close to the business of feeding and preserving life. Nourishment and shelter, money-making, maintaining respectability, and, if possible, a family¡ªthese are the things that give its meaning to the common word "practical." An acute regard for such features of the scenery, and the universe, as contribute or can be made to contribute to these ends, and a systematic neglect of all other features, are the traits of mind which this word popularly suggests. And it is because of the vital importance of these things to almost all people that the word "practical" is a eulogy, and is able to be so scornful of the word "poetic."

1.12

¾ó¸¶ Àü ´º¿å ½Ã³»ÀÇ ÇÑ »ç¹«½Ç °Ç¹°¿¡¼­ È­¹° Àü¿ë ¿¤¸®º£ÀÌÅ͸¦ ¿î¿ëÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷À» ¸¸³µ´Ù. ³ª´Â ±×ÀÇ ¿ÞÂÊ ¼Õ¸ñÀÌ Àß·Á³ª°£ °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù. ³ª´Â ±×ÀÇ ¼ÕÀÌ ºÒ±¸°¡ µÈ °ÍÀÌ ºÒÆíÇÑÁö¸¦ ¹°¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù. "¾Æ´Ï¿À, ±×°Í¿¡ °üÇØ º°·Î »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¿ä. ³ª´Â °áÈ¥µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, ºÒ±¸°¡ µÈ °ÍÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¹Ù´Ã¿¡ ½ÇÀ» ²ç·Á ÇÒ ¶§»ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù." ¿ì¸®´Â ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °æ¿ì ³î¶ó¿ï Á¤µµ·Î °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »óȲÀ» »¡¸® ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀ̰í, ÀûÀÀÇϰí, Àؾî¹ö¸°´Ù.

*run ¿îÇàÇÏ´Ù work; operate: ´ç½ÅÀº Æ®·¢Å͸¦ ¸ô ÁÙ ¾Æ½Ê´Ï±î? Can you run a tractor?

*loss ¼Õ½Ç act or fact of losing: ¸¹Àº ¼±¹ÚÀ» ÀÒÀº Á¦µ¶Àº »ó½ÉÇß´Ù. The loss of so many ships worried the Admiral.

*bother ±«·ÓÈ÷´Ù be or cause trouble to; worry: Àú »ç¶÷Àº ¾ðÁ¦³ª µ·À» ºô·Á´Þ¶ó°í ³ª¸¦ ±«·ÓÈù´Ù. That man is always bothering me to lend him money.

*thread a needle ¹Ù´Ã¿¡ ½ÇÀ» ²ç´Ù pass a thread through the eye of a needle

*adjust oneself to ÀûÀÀÇÏ´Ù make suitable or convenient: ±×³à´Â »õ·Î¿î »óȲ¿¡ ÀûÀÀÇØ¾ß ÇÒ°Å´Ù. She will have to adjust herself to new conditions.

A few years ago, I met a man who was running a freight elevator in one of the downtown office buildings in New York. I noticed that his left hand had been cut off at the wrist. I asked him if the loss of that hand bothered him. He said, "Oh, no, I hardly ever think about it. I am not married; and the only time I ever think about it is when I try to thread a needle." It is astonishing how quickly we can accept almost any situation¡ªif we have to¡ªand adjust ourselves to it and forget about it.

1.13

¾î¶² ºÒ¿îÀÌ À§ÇùÀ» ÁÙ ¶§, ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ »çŰ¡ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡¸¦ ÁøÁöÇÏ°í ½ÅÁßÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇØ º¸¶ó. ¿¹»óµÇ´Â ºÒ¿îÀ» Á÷½ÃÇÏ°í °á±¹ ±×·¸°Ô ´ë´ÜÇÑ Àç³­Àº ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ¿©±æ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÀ¯µéÀ» »ý°¢ÇØ ³»¶ó. ±×·± ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀϾ´Â ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ »çŰ¡ ¿ìÁÖÀû Á߿伺À» °®Áö´Â ¸øÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ¹¬¹¬È÷ ¹Ù¶óº¸°í "°á±¹ ±×·¸°Ô ´ë´ÜÇÑ ÀÏÀº ¾Æ´Ï¾ß."¶ó°í ÀڽŠÀÖ°Ô ¸»ÇÏ¸é ±Ù½ÉÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ ÁÙ¾îµå´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

*threaten À§ÇùÇÏ´Ù; ¾î¶² ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ °Í °°´Ù seem likely to occur; be menacing: ¿ì¸®´Â À§ÇèÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. We are aware that danger threatens.

*deliberate ¼­µÎ¸£Áö ¾Ê´Â; ½ÅÁßÇÑ slow; careful; unhurried: ³ëÀÎÀº õõÈ÷ ÀÇÀÚ¿¡¼­ ÀϾ ¹æÀ» ³ª°¬´Ù. The old man rose from his chair in a deliberate way and left the room.

*look¡¦in the face ¹°²ô·¯¹Ì ÃÄ´Ùº¸´Ù look at¡¦steadily: ¾î¸Ó´Ï´Â µþÀÇ ¾ó±¼À» ¹°²ô·¯¹Ì ÃÄ´Ùº¸¾Ò´Ù. The mother looked her daughter in the face.

*sound °ÇÀüÇÑ; ¹ÏÀ½Á÷½º·± dependable; based on reason; prudent: ¹ÏÀ½Á÷½º·± Á¤Ã¥ a sound policy

*at the worst ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡ if the worst happens: ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ °æ¿ì ±×´Â ÂѰܳ¯ °Å´Ù. He will be expelled at the worst.

*cosmic ¿ìÁÖÀûÀÎ of the whole universe or cosmos: ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¹ýÄ¢ cosmic laws

*conviction ½Å³ä firm or assured belief: º»ÀÎÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº »ç½ÇÀ» ÀÚ½ÅÀÖ°Ô ¸»¾¸µå¸³´Ï´Ù I speak in the full conviction that¡¦

*matter Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù be of importance: ³×°¡ ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀ» ÇÏµç ¾îµð¸¦ °¡µç ³ª´Â °³ÀÇÄ¡ ¾Ê´Â´Ù. It doesn't matter to me what you do or where you go.

*diminish °¨¼Ò½ÃŰ´Ù make or become less: ±× ³ª¶óÀÇ ºÎ(Ý£)¸¦ Å©°Ô °¨¼Ò½ÃŲ ÀüÀï a war that seriously diminished the country's wealth

*to a certain extent (=degree) ¾î´À Á¤µµ·Î; ¾à°£ partly; so much that: ¿Âµµ°¡ ³ô¾ÆÁ® ¼Ò¹æ°üµéÀº ºÒŸ´Â °Ç¹°À» ¶°³ª¾ß Çß´Ù. The temperature rose to such an extent that the firemen had to leave the burning building.

When some misfortune threatens, consider seriously and deliberately what is the very worst that could possibly happen. Having looked this possible misfortune in the face, give yourself reasons for thinking that after all it would be no such very terrible disaster. Such reasons always exist, since at the worst nothing that happens to oneself has any cosmic importance. When you have looked for some time steadily at the worst possibility and have said to yourself with real conviction, "Well, after all, that would not matter so very much," you will find that your worry diminishes to a quite extraordinary extent.

Á¦ 2 °ú

2.1

Àè½¼Àº Á¤½Å°ú Àǻ翡°Ô °¬´Ù. "ÀÇ»ç ¼±»ý´Ô." ±×°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù. "°ÆÁ¤°Å¸®°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ħ´ë ¼ÓÀ¸·Î µé¾î°¥ ¶§¸¶´Ù ħ´ë ¹Ø¿¡ ´©±º°¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ µé¾î¿ä. ħ´ë ¹ØÀ¸·Î °¡¸é À§¿¡ ´©±º°¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ µì´Ï´Ù. À§·Î °¡¸é ¾Æ·¡, ¾Æ·¡·Î °¡¸é À§. ¹ÌÄ¡°Ú¾î¿ä."

"2³â°£ ³»°Ô Ä¡·á¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸½Ã¿À." Á¤½Å°ú Àǻ簡 ¸»Çß´Ù. "1ÁÖÀÏ¿¡ 3¹ø ³»°Ô ¿À¸é °íÃĵ帮°Ú½À´Ï´Ù."

"Ä¡·áºñ¿ëÀº ¾ó¸¶³ª µË´Ï±î?"

"Çѹø ¿Ã ¶§¸¶´Ù 100´Þ·¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù."

"»ý°¢ÇØ º¸°Ú½À´Ï´Ù."

±×ÈÄ Àè½¼Àº ´Ù½Ã Àǻ翡°Ô °¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. 6°³¿ù Á¤µµ Áö³­ ÈÄ ±×´Â °Å¸®¿¡¼­ Àǻ縦 ¸¸³µ´Ù. "¿Ö ³»°Ô ´Ù½Ã ¿ÀÁö ¾Ê¾Ò¼Ò?" Á¤½Å°ú Àǻ簡 ¹°¾ú´Ù.

"Çѹø¿¡ 100´Þ·¯¾¿ ³»¸é¼­¿ä? ¾î¶² ¹ÙÅÙ´õ°¡ 10´Þ·¯¿¡ °íÃÄÁá½À´Ï´Ù."

"±×·¡¿ä? ¾î¶»°Ô?"

"ħ´ë ´Ù¸®¸¦ Àß¶ó¹ö¸®¶ó°í ¸»ÇØ Áá¾î¿ä."

*psychiatrist Á¤½Å°ú ÀÇ»ç a doctor trained in the study and treatment of diseases of the mind

*shrink ¹ÌáÔ Á¤½Å°ú ÀÇ»ç headshrinker; psychiatrist

*charge ´ë±ÝÀ» û±¸ÇÏ´Ù ask in payment: ±×µéÀº ÇÏ·í¹ã ¼÷¹Ú·á¸¦ 200´Þ·¯³ª û±¸ÇÏ·Á Çß´Ù. They tried to charge me $200 for a room for a night!

*buck ¹ÌáÔ ´Þ·¯ a dollar: 600´Þ·¯ 600 bucks

Jackson went to a psychiatrist. "Doc," he said, "I've got trouble. Every time I get into bed I think there's somebody under it. I get under the bed, I think there's somebody on top of it. Top, under, top, under. I'm going crazy!"

"Just put yourself in my hands for two years," said the shrink. "Come to me three times a week, and I'll cure you."

"How much do you charge?"

"A hundred dollars per visit."

"I'll think about it."

Jackson never went back. Six months later he met the doctor on the street. "Why didn't you ever come to see me again?" asked the psychiatrist.

"For a hundred bucks a visit? A bartender cured me for ten dollars."

"Is that so! How?"

"He told me to cut the legs off the bed."

2.2

ÇÑ À¯ÇÇÁ·ÀÌ »õ·Î »ê °í±Þ ÄÁ¹öƼºí ½Â¿ëÂ÷¸¦ ¿îÀüÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Â÷ ÁöºØÀ» ³»¸®°í, ¿À¸¥¼ÕÀº ÇÚµéÀ» Àâ°í, ¿ÞÂÊ ÆÈÀº ÀÚµ¿Â÷ ¹® À§¿¡ °ÉÃijõ¾Ò´Ù. Ä« ½ºÅ×·¹¿À¸¦ Å©°Ô Ʋ¾î³õ¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °í¹° Â÷°¡ Ãß¿ùÇÏ·Á´Ù ¿·À» µéÀ̹ÚÀ» ¶§±îÁö ¾ËÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. À¯ÇÇÁ·Àº Â÷¸¦ ¼¼¿ü´Ù.

"³» Â÷!" ±×°¡ ¼Ò¸®ÃÆ´Ù. "¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ³» Â÷!"

°æÂû°üÀÌ ¿ÔÀ» ¶§, À¯ÇÇÁ·Àº »ç°í ³­ °æÀ§¸¦ À̾߱âÇß´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Â÷´Â ÇüÆí¾ø´Â ²ÃÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Âµ¥ ÁÖÇà ±â·ÏÀº 50¸¶Àϵµ µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.

"´ç½Å¿¡°Õ ÀÚµ¿Â÷º¸´Ù ´õ Å« °ÆÁ¤°Å¸®°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù." °æÂû°üÀÌ ÀÀ´äÇß´Ù. "±¸±ÞÂ÷°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ç½Å ÆÈÀÌ ½ÉÇÏ°Ô ´ÙÃÆ¾î¿ä." À¯ÇÇÁ·Àº ±×ÀÇ ÆÈÀ» ¹Ù¶óº¸°í ¼Ò¸®ÃÆ´Ù. "³» ·Î·º½º ½Ã°è, ³» ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ·Î·º½º!"

*yuppie ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ Àü¹®Á÷ÀÇ ÀþÀº ÃþÀ¸·Î µ·À» Àß ¾²°í °í±Þ½º·± »ýȰÀ» Áñ±â´Â »ç¶÷ young person in a professional job with a high income, especially one who enjoys spending money and having a fashionable way of life

*convertible ÁöºØÀÌ µ¤°³·Î µÇ¾îÀÖ´Â ÀÚµ¿Â÷ car with a roof that can be folded back

*wheel ÀÚµ¿Â÷ ÇÚµé the steering wheel of a car: ´©À̵¿»ýÀÌ Â÷¸¦ ¿îÀüÇß´Ù. My sister was at the wheel. (=was driving)

*tape deck Å×ÀÌÇÁ ·¹ÄÚ´õ the apparatus in a tape recorder that winds the tape and plays back sound

*at full blast ÃÖ´ë Ãâ·ÂÀ¸·Î at full power: °í¼Óµµ·Î¸¦ ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ¼Óµµ·Î ÁúÁÖÇÏ´Â ÀÚµ¿Â÷ a car going at full blast down the expressway

*rust bucket ¿À·¡µÈ °í¹°Â÷ very old car

*pull Â÷·®À» ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Ù (of a vehicle) move: °æÂûÀº Â÷¸¦ ±æ¿·¿¡ ¼¼¿ìµµ·Ï ±×¿¡°Ô ½ÅÈ£¸¦ º¸³Â´Ù. The policeman signalled to him to pull over.

*swipe ¼¼°Ô Ä¡´Ù hit hard: ±×³à°¡ ±×ÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ÇâÇØ ¼¼°Ô ÃÆÁö¸¸ ±×´Â ÇÇÇß´Ù. She swiped at his head, but he got out of the way.

*wreck ´ëÆÄµÈ Â÷·®, °Ç¹° µî vehicle, building, etc. that has been badly damaged: ±× Ãæµ¹ »ç°í·Î Â÷´Â ¾û¸ÁÁøÃ¢ÀÌ µÆ´Ù. The car was a worthless wreck after the collision.

A yuppie was driving his new BMW convertible. He had the top down, his right hand on the wheel and his left arm hanging over the door. With the tape deck going full blast, he didn't notice the rust bucket that pulled around to pass until it sideswiped him. The yuppie pulled to a stop.

"My car!" he cried. "My beautiful car!"

When a policeman came by, the yuppie told him about the accident. His car was a wreck, and it didn't even have 50 miles on it.

"You've got more to worry about than your car," the officer replied. "You need an ambulance. Your arm is badly injured." The yuppie looked at his arm and cried, "My Rolex watch¡ªmy beautiful Rolex!"

2.3

°¨¸®±³ ½ÅÀÚ, ¼º°øÈ¸ ½ÅÀÚ, ±×¸®°í Ä«Å縯 ½ÅÀÚ, ¼¼ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¹·¿¡¼­ 25¾ßµå ¶³¾îÁø º¸Æ®¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. °¨¸®±³ ½ÅÀÚ°¡ ¹è ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Í õõÈ÷ °É¾î¼­ ¶¥¿¡±îÁö ¿Ô´Ù. ¼º°øÈ¸ ½ÅÀÚµµ ¶È°°ÀÌ ¹° À§¸¦ °É¾î ³ª¿Ô´Ù. ±× ´ÙÀ½ Ä«Å縯 ½ÅÀÚ´Â ¹è ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª¿À´Ù ¹°¿¡ ºüÁ³´Ù. ¹° ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ³ª¿Í ¹è·Î µ¹¾Æ°£ ±×´Â ´Ù½Ã ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Í °È´Ù°¡ ¹°¿¡ ºüÁ³´Ù.

¹·¿¡ ÀÖ´ø ÇÑ Ä£±¸°¡ ´Ù¸¥ Ä£±¸¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù. "¹ÙÀ­µ¹µéÀÌ ³õ¿©ÀÖ´Â °÷À» ±×¿¡°Ô ¸»ÇØÁÙ±î?"

*Methodism °¨¸®±³ the beliefs of Christian group which follows the teachings of John Wesley

*Episcopalian ¼º°øÈ¸ a member of a church governed by bishops

*duplicate ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ´Ù repeat or equal: ´Ù½Ã ¹Ýº¹ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ½Å±âÇÑ ¹¦±â an extraordinary feat which would be impossible to duplicate

A Methodist, an Episcopalian and a Catholic were in a boat 25 yards from shore. The Methodist stepped out and calmly walked to land. The Episcopalian duplicated the exit on the water. Then the Catholic stepped out and sank. Coming up, he got back in the boat, walked out and went under again.

One dry friend on shore said to the other, "Do you think we should tell him where the rocks are?"

2.4

¿­Á¤ÀÌ ½ÄÀº ÇÑ ºÎºÎ°¡ °áÈ¥»ýȰ »ó´ãÀÚ¿¡°Ô °¬´Ù. ¿©·¯ Â÷·Ê Áø·á¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ÈÄ¿¡µµ °ÅÀÇ ¼º°ú°¡ ¾øÀÚ Ä¡·á»ç´Â °©Àڱ⠿©ÀÚ¸¦ ²¸¾È°í Ű½º¸¦ Çß´Ù.

"º¸¼¼¿ä." »ó´ãÀÚ°¡ ³²Æí¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù. "À̰ÍÀÌ ºÎÀÎÀÌ ¿øÇÏ´Â Ä¡·áÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àû¾îµµ ¿ù¿äÀÏ, ¸ñ¿äÀÏ, Åä¿äÀϸ¶´Ù."

"ÁÁ¾Æ¿ä." ³²ÆíÀÌ ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "¸ñ¿äÀϰú Åä¿äÀÏ¿¡ Á¦ ó¸¦ ¿©±â¿¡ µ¥·Á¿À°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ù¿äÀÏ ¹ãÀº ³»°¡ Æ÷Ä¿¸¦ ÇÏ´Â ³¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù."

*couple ÇÑ ½Ö persons associated: ±âÈ¥ Ä¿Çõé married couples

*wane ¼­¼­È÷ ¼èÅðÇÏ´Ù grow gradually smaller or less after being full or complete: ±×ÀÇ ÈûÀÌ ¾àÇØÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù. His strength is waning.

*consult Á¶¾ðÀ» ±¸ÇÏ´Ù go to a person, a book, etc. for information: º¯È£»ç¿¡°Ô Á¶¾ðÀ» ±¸ÇÏ´Ù consult one's lawyer

*appointment ¸¸³¯ ¾à¼Ó arrangement to meet somebody: ¿ÀÈÄ 3½Ã¿¡ Ä¡°ú¿¡ °¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. I have an appointment with my dentist at 3 p.m.

*therapist Ä¡·á»ç a specialist in a particular branch of therapy: ¾ð¾î ±³Á¤»ç a speech therapist

*therapy Ä¡·á; ¿ä¹ý curative treatment: Á¤½Å¿ä¹ý psychotherapy

*sweep ÈÛ¾µ´Ù carry along quickly and powerfully: ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÎÆÄ¿¡ ÈÛ¾µ·È´Ù. We were swept along by the crowd.

A couple whose passion had waned consulted a marriage counselor. Several appointments later, after little success, the therapist suddenly swept the woman into his arms and kissed her.

"You see," the counselor said to the husband, "this is the treatment your wife needs¡ªMonday, Thursday and Saturday, at least."

"Well," replied the husband, "I can bring her in here on Thursday and Saturday, but Monday is my poker night."

2.5

¿ì¸® ÃâÆÇ»ç¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ¸¶°¨³¯ÀÌ ´Ù°¡¿ÀÀÚ 2´ëÀÇ ÆÑ½Ã¹Ð¸®°¡ Á¡°ËÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ºñ¼­µéÀº ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ÁÖ°í¹ÞÀ¸¸ç ¸¶Áö¸· ±³Á¤°ú ÷°¡ ÀÛ¾÷À» Çϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÇÑ ÀþÀº Á¶¼ö°¡ °¢°ú¿¡ ¹èºÎÇÒ »õ·Î¿î Áö½Ã¼­¸¦ ÇѾƸ§ ¾È°í¼­ ºÎÀå¿¡°Ô ¹°¾ú´Ù. "ÆÑ½º°¡ ¾ø¾úÀ» ¶§´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÏÀ» ÇßÀ»±î¿ä?"

º°·Î ¸»ÀÌ ¾ø´Â ºÎÀåÀÌ ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "±×¶§´Â ¸ðµç ÀÏÀ» Á¦ ¶§¿¡ ÇØ³ÂÁö."

*deadline ¸¶°¨ÀÏ a date or time before which something must be done or completed: ´ÙÀ½ È­¿äÀÏÀÌ ¿ø¼­ Á¦Ãâ ¸¶°¨ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. Next Tuesday is the deadline for sending in your application.

*project Áß¿ä »ç¾÷ a piece of work that needs skill, effort, and careful planning, especially over a period of time: »õ·Î¿î ´ïÀº Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÅõÀÚÇÏ´Â ÁÖ¿ä °Ç¼³ »ç¾÷ÀÌ´Ù. The new dam is a major construction project, funded by the government.

*draw ´Ù°¡¿À´Ù come: ¼ºÅºÀýÀÌ ´Ù°¡¿À°í ÀÖ´Ù. Christmas is drawing near.

*instructions Áö½Ã¹® advice on how to do something: ¹Ú½º¿¡ ÀμâµÈ Áö½Ã¸¦ µû¸£Áö ¾Ê¾Æ¼­ ±â°è¸¦ °íÀå³Â´Ù. I didn't follow the instructions printed on the box, and broke the machine.

As the deadline for a major project drew near at our publishing firm, both our facsimile machines were put to the test. Secretaries were sending and receiving messages, making last-minute corrections and additions. One young assistant, holding a handful of new instructions to be distributed to various departments, asked the office manager, "Whatever did we do before fax machines?"

A man of few words, the manager replied, "We did things on time."

2.6

Ä£±¸°¡ »õ·Î »ý±ä ½´ÆÛ¸¶ÄÏÀÇ Á¦°úºÎ¿¡ ÀÏÀÚ¸®¸¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù. ±×³à´Â ¹æ¼Û½Ã¼³À» ÅëÇØ ±×³¯ Àú³áÀÇ Æ¯Á¦Ç°À» ¾Ë·È´Ù.

"¾È³çÇϽʴϱî, ¾Ë¹öÆ®½¼ °í°´ ¿©·¯ºÐ." Àλ縻À» ÇÑ ¼ø°£ ¶óÀ̹ú ½´ÆÛ¸¶ÄÏÀÇ À̸§À» ¸»Çß´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù. À绡¸® »ý°¢ÇÑ ±×³à´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»À» °è¼ÓÇß´Ù. "¿À´Ã Àú³á ½º¹Ì½º ½´ÆÛ¸¶ÄÏ¿¡ ¿À½Å °ÍÀ» ±â»Ú°Ô »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù."

*section ºÎ¼­ a separate part of a larger object, place, group, etc.: ¿ì¸® ºÎ¼­´Â ±â·Ïº¸Á¸À» ´ã´çÇÑ´Ù. My section of the office deals with record-keeping.

*public-address system ¸¶ÀÌÅ©½Ã¼³, È®¼º ÀåÄ¡ an electrically controlled apparatus used for making a speaker clearly heard by large groups of people, e.g. in airport or outside: ¸¶ÀÌÅ©¸¦ ÅëÇØ Å©°í È®½ÇÇÑ loud and clear over the public address system

*special Ưº° ¸Å¸Å; Ư¸Åǰ; Ưº° ¸Þ´º an advertised reduced price in a shop: ±× °¡°è¿¡¼­´Â ±ÝÁÖ µ¿¾È ¾ÆÀ̽ºÅ©¸²À» Ư°¡·Î ÆÇ¸ÅÇÑ´Ù. They're having a special on ice-cream this week.

A friend of mine took a job in the bakery section of a new supermarket. She went to the public-address system to announce the evening's special.

"Good evening, Albertsons shoppers," she began and then realized she had just given the name of the rival supermarket. Thinking fast, she continued, "We're happy you're shopping at Smith's tonight."

2.7

¾î¸° ½ÃÀý ¿ì¸® Áý¿¡´Â ¶Ñ²±ÀÌ Àß ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê´Â ÁÖÀüÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¼öÁõ±â°¡ ¿Ã¶ó¿À±â ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¸é ¶Ñ²±Àº Èçµé¸®°í ´úÄȰŸ®¸ç ¿ä¶õÇÑ ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³Â´Ù. ¹°·Ð ¶Ñ²±Àº À¯ÀÍÇÑ ÀÏÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. »ç½ÇÀº ±èÀ» »õ³ª°¡°Ô Çϰí ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÌÁö¸¸ ¿ö³« ¹ý¼®À» ¶³¾î¼­ ¾ÆÁÖ ¹Ù»Ú°í Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÏÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀλóÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â Ç×»ó ±× ÁÖÀüÀÚ¸¦ ±â¾ïÇß°í º°·Î ÇÏ´Â ÀϾøÀÌ ½Ã²ô·´±â¸¸ ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» º¼ ¶§¸¶´Ù "Àú Ä£±¸ÀÇ ¶Ñ²±µµ Çæ··Çϱ¸³ª."¶ó°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù.

*rattle ´ú°Æ´ú°Æ ¼Ò¸®³»´Ù make short, sharp sounds quickly, one after the other: ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ Ã¢¹®À» ´úÄÀ°Å¸®°Ô Çß´Ù The wind rattled the windows.

*racket ¿ä¶õÇÑ ¼Ò¸® a loud noise: ¼Ò¸® Á» ³»Áö ¸¶¶ó! ÀáÀ» Àß ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù. Stop making such a racket! I can't sleep.

*accomplish ÇØ³»´Ù; ´Þ¼ºÇÏ´Ù perform; succeed in doing: ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ÇØ³»Áö ¸øÇÒ »ç¶÷ a man who will never accomplish anything

*say to oneself »ý°¢ÇÏ´Ù think: ÀÏÂï Àá¿¡¼­ ±ú¾î "ÀϾ±î?"ÇÏ°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. I woke up early and said to myself, "Shall I get up?"

When I was growing up, there was a teakettle in our house with a lid that did not fit tightly. When steam began to rise, that lid would shake and rattle and make a terrible noise. Of course, the lid was doing no good. In fact, it was allowing the steam to escape, but it made quite a racket and impressed you as being very busy and very important. I've always remembered that teakettle, and whenever I see a person who makes a lot of noise without really accomplishing much, I say to myself, "That one has a loose lid."

2.8

¸íÈ®ÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÛ°¡µéÀº ±×µéÀÇ »ç»óÀÌ ¾ð¶æ º¸±âº¸´Ù ±íÀº Àǹ̸¦ °¡Á³´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ »ý°¢ÀÌ ³Ê¹« ½É¿ÀÇØ¼­ ¾Æ¹«³ª ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å­ ¸í·áÇÏ°Ô Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â °ÍÀº °úÂùÀÌ¸ç ´ç¿¬È÷ ±×·¯ÇÑ ÀÛ°¡µéÀº Á¤È®ÇÑ »ç°í ´É·ÂÀ» °®Áö ¸øÇÑ ±×µé ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¤½Å·Â¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ý°¢À» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. Àß ÀÌÇØ°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ±¸ÀýÀÌ »ý°¢º¸´Ù Å« Àǹ̸¦ °®´Â´Ù°í ÇÕ¸®È­Çϱâ´Â ½±´Ù. À̵éÀÇ ±Û ¼Ó¿¡¼­ °¨Ãß¾îÁø Àǹ̸¦ ã¾Æ³»·Á´Â ¹Ùº¸µéÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÀÖ´Ù.

*inclined ¡¦ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Â likely; tending; disposed: ±×´Â °ÔÀ¸¸¥ °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. He's inclined to be lazy.

*significance Á߿伺 importance: ´ë´ÜÈ÷ Áß¿äÇÑ ¹®Á¦ a matter of great significance

*at first óÀ½¿¡ at the beginning: óÀ½¿£ ±×¸¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ Áö±ÝÀº ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù. At first I didn't like him but now I do.

*flatter °úÂùÇÏ´Ù praise too much: °úÂùÀ̽ʴϴÙ. Oh, you flatter me.

*profound ½É¿ÀÇÑ deep; penetrating: ½É¿ÀÇÑ Áö½Ä profound knowledge

*run ºü¸£°Ô ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Ù cause to move quickly: ÇÑ ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ºü¸£°Ô ÈȾ´Ù run one's eyes over a page

*occur to »ý°¢ÀÌ µé´Ù come to: ÁÁÀº »ý°¢ÀÌ ¶°¿Ã¶ú´Ù. An idea has occurred to me.

*faculty (Ÿ°í³­) ´É·Â power of doing things: ¾ð¾î ´É·Â the faculty of speech

*precise Á¤È®ÇÑ exact; free from error: Á¤È®ÇÑ ¼ø¼­ precise order

*reflection ¼ºÂû, ±íÀº »ý°¢ thought; consideration: ÃæºÐÇÑ »ý°¢¾øÀÌ ¾î¶² ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ´Ù do something without sufficient reflection

Some writers who do not think clearly are inclined to suppose that their thoughts have a significance greater than at first appears. It is flattering to believe that they are too profound to be expressed so clearly that all who run may read, and very naturally it does not occur to such writers that the fault is with their own minds, which have not the faculty of precise reflection. It is very easy to persuade oneself that a phrase that one does not quite understand may mean a great deal more than one realizes. Fools can always be found to discover a hidden sense in them.

2.9

½Å°æ¼è¾à Áõ¼¼ Áß Çϳª´Â ÀڱⰡ ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇϸç ÈÞ°¡¸¦ °¡¸é Å«ÀÏÀÌ ³­´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³»°¡ ÀÇ»ç¶ó¸é ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÏÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ¿©±â´Â ¸ðµç ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÈÞ°¡¸¦ ó¹æÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÏ ¶§¹®¿¡ »ý±â´Â °Í °°Àº ½Å°æ¼è¾àÀº, »ç½Ç ³»°¡ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °æ¿ì, ¾î¶² Á¤¼­Àû Àå¾Ö·Î »ý±â´Â °ÍÀ̸ç ȯÀÚ´Â ÀÏÀ» ÅëÇØ °Å±â¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª·Á´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÏÀ» ±×¸¸ µÎ·Á ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÏÀ» ±×¸¸µÎ¸é ºÒ¿îÇÑ »ý°¢¡ª±×°ÍÀÌ ¾î¶² °ÍÀ̵硪À» ¶³ÃĹö¸± °ÍÀÌ ¾ø¾îÁö±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

*symptom Áõ¼¼ change in the body's condition that indicates illness: °è¼ÓÀûÀÎ ±âħÀº Æó°áÇÙÀÇ Áõ¼¼ÀÏÁö ¸ð¸¥´Ù. A persistent cough may be a symptom of tuberculosis.

*breakdown °íÀå; ¼è¾à failure in health; weakening: ½Å°æ¼è¾à nervous breakdown

*prescribe ó¹æÇÏ´Ù advise or order the use of: ÀÇ»ç´Â Àå±â ¿ä¾çÀ» ó¹æÇß´Ù. The doctor prescribed a long rest.

*by means of ¾î¶² °ÍÀ» ÅëÇØ¼­ through; with the help of: »ý°¢Àº ¾ð¾î¸¦ ÅëÇØ¼­ Ç¥ÇöµÈ´Ù. Thoughts are expressed by means of words.

*loath ½È¾îÇÏ´Â; ²¨¸®´Â unwilling; reluctant: ³ª´Â ÀÌ ¿À·¡µÈ Â÷¿Í Á¤ÀÌ µé¾î¼­ óºÐÇϱⰡ ½È´Ù. I've had this old car a long time; I'm loath to part with it.

*distract ±âºÐÀ» Àüȯ½ÃŰ´Ù; °ü½ÉÀ» µý µ¥·Î µ¹¸®´Ù draw away one's attention from something: ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ Á×À½À¸·Î ½½ÇÄ¿¡ ºüÁø ±×³àÀÇ ¸¶À½À» ¾î¶»°Ô Àüȯ½ÃÄÑ ÁÙ±î? What can we do to distract her mind from the sorrow caused by her child's death?

One of the symptoms of approaching nervous breakdown is the belief that one's work is terribly important and that to take a holiday would bring all kinds of disaster. If I were a medical man, I would prescribe a holiday to any patient who considered his work important. The nervous breakdown which appears to be produced by the work is, in fact, in every case that I have ever known of personally, produced by some emotional trouble from which the patient attempts to escape by means of his work. He is loath to give up his work because, if he does so, he will no longer have anything to distract him from the thoughts of his misfortune, whatever it may be.

2.10

´ë°³ÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ÀÎÀº ÀÏÀ» ¼þ»óÇÏ°í ±â²¨ÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼ÕÀ¸·Î ÀÏÀ» ÇϹǷΠÀڽŰú ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Á¢´ëÇÏ´Â ¿þÀÌÆ®·¹½º ȤÀº Àڽſ¡°Ô ¸í·ÉÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸® »çÀÌ¿¡ À庮 °°Àº °ÍÀ» ´À³¢Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿Ü±¹ ¹æ¹®°´µéÀº °í¿ëÁÖ¿Í Á¾¾÷¿ø°£¿¡ À̸§À» ºÎ¸£´Â °ÍÀ» º¸°í Ç×»ó ³î¶ó¸ç ±×·± °ÍÀ» ÁÁ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷µéµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¸°æ½ÉÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀº Á¸°æ¹Þ±âº¸´Ù »ç¶û ¹Þ±â¸¦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù. »ç¶ûÀº °è±ÞÀÇ À庮À» Àß ³ÑÁö ¸øÇϹǷΠÀ庮ÀÌ ³·¾ÆÁø´Ù.

*average Æò¹üÇÑ of the usual or ordinary kind: °Å±â¿¡´Â Ưº°ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ±×Àú Æò¹üÇÑ ÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù. There was nothing special about it, it was only average.

*serve À½½ÄÀ» Â÷·ÁÁÖ´Ù place (food, etc.) on the table for a meal: ±¸¿î µÅÁö°í±â´Â ÈçÈ÷ ¾ÖÇà ¼Ò½º¿Í ÇÔ²² ³ª¿Â´Ù. Roast pork is often served with apple sauce.

*constantly ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ continually; repeatedly: »ç¶÷µéÀº ´Ã ±×¿¡°Ô Ãæ°í¸¦ ±¸ÇÑ´Ù. He is constantly being asked for advice.

*readily ½±°Ô; ¼­½¿¾øÀÌ with no difficulty: ±×°ÍµéÀº ¾îµð¼­³ª ½±°Ô ±¸ÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. They can readily be bought anywhere.

*caste Ư±Ç °è±Þ any exclusive social class: »çȸÀû ÁöÀ§¸¦ ÀÒ´Ù lose caste with

Because the average American respects work and is quite willing to work with his own hands, he really feels no barrier of class between himself and the waitress who serves him or the boss who gives him his orders. Overseas visitors are constantly surprised to find employees and employers calling each other by their first names, and some of them do not like it. They think it shows lack of respect. But Americans do not want respect; they want to be liked. Liking does not readily climb the walls of class or caste, so the walls come down.

2.11

¿µ¹®¹ýÀº ¾î·Á¿ö¼­ À߸øÀ» ¹üÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÛ°¡°¡ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î Ç Á¦ÀÓ½ºÃ³·³ ÁÖÀÇ ±íÀº ÀÛ°¡µµ ±¹¹ÎÇб³ ÇлýÀÇ ÀÛ¹®¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ¸é ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ ´ç¿¬È÷ È­¸¦ ³¾¸¸Å­ ¹®¹ý¿¡ ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê´Â ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ¹üÇÒ ¶§°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¹®¹ýÀ» ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÏ¸ç ¹®¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ±ÛÀ» ¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÁö¸¸ ¹®¹ýÀ̶õ ÀÏ¹Ý ¾ð¾î¸¦ °ø½ÄÈ­ÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â Á¡À» ¸í½ÉÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. °üÇàÀÌ À¯ÀÏÇÑ Ã´µµÀÌ´Ù. ³ª·Î¼­´Â ¹®¹ýÀûÀÎ °Íº¸´Ù ½±°í ÀÚ¿¬½º·± ±¸¹®ÀÌ ´õ ÁÁ´Ù.

*heedful ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀÌ´Â careful: Ãæ°í¿¡ Á»´õ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀÌ´Ù be more heedful of advice

*on occasion ¶§¶§·Î; °¡²û from time to time; now and then; whenever the need arises: ±×´Â °¡²û ´º¿å¿¡ °¡¼­ »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±ØÀ» º»´Ù. He visits New York on occasion to see the new plays.

*indignant ºÐ°³ÇÑ angry and scornful: ÀÜÀÎÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ºÐ°³ÇÑ indignant with a cruel man

*formulate °ø½ÄÈ­ÇÏ´Ù; ¸íÈ®È÷ Ç¥¸íÇÏ´Ù express clearly and exactly: ÀÚ±â ÁÖÀǸ¦ Ç¥¸íÇÏ´Ù formulate a doctrine

*usage °ü¿ë¾î¹ý; ¾î¹ý body of conventions governing the use of a language: ¿µ¹®¹ý ¹× °ü¿ë¾î¹ý ÀÔ¹®¼­ a guide to English grammar and usage

*test ±âÁØ something used as a standard when judging or examining something else: °í¿ëÁÖµéÀº Â÷ÈÄ ÀÓ±Ý ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·ê ¶§ ÀÌ °è¾à¼­¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Employers will use this agreement as a test in dealing with future wage claims.

*unaffected ²Ù¹ÒÀÌ ¾ø´Â sincere; natural in behavior or character: ¾î¸°ÀÌÀÇ ²Ù¹Ò¾ø´Â ±â»Ý the unaffected delight of a child

English grammar is very difficult and few writers have avoided making mistakes in it. So heedful a writer as Henry James, for instance, on occasion wrote so ungrammatically that a schoolmaster, finding such errors in a schoolboy's essay, would be justly indignant. It is necessary to know grammar, and it is better to write grammatically than not, but it is well to remember that grammar is common speech formulated. Usage is the only test. I prefer a phrase that is easy and unaffected to a phrase that is grammatical.

2.12

´©±º°¡°¡ Ä«Å縯 ±³µµ, À¯ÅÂÀÎ, ÀÌŸ®ÀÎ, ÈæÀÎ Áý´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇØ Æí°ßÀ» °¡Áö°í ¸»ÇÒ ¶§, ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷Àº ÈçÈ÷ "¾ÆÀν´Å¸ÀÎÀ» º¸¶ó!" "Ä«¹ö¸¦ º¸¶ó!" "Å佺ī´Ï´Ï¸¦ º¸¶ó!"´Â Åë»óÀûÀÎ º¯È£¸¦ µé°í³ª¿Â´Ù.

ÀÌµé ¿ËÈ£ÀÚµéÀÇ Àǵµ´Â ÁÁ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×µéÀÇ Á¢±Ù ¹æ½ÄÀº À߸øÀÌ´Ù. ³ª»Ú´Ù°í ¸»ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼Ò¼ö Áý´ÜÀÌ ¿øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±×µé Áß¿¡ õÀ縦 °¡Áú ±Ç¸®°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¹Ùº¸¿Í ¾Ç´çµéÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸ Áý´Ü Àüü°¡ ºñ³­¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ» ±Ç¸®ÀÌ´Ù.

*prejudice Æí°ß opinion, like or dislike, formed before one has adequate knowledge or experience: ±×´Â À¯ÅÂÀο¡°Ô Æí°ßÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. He has a prejudice against the Jews.

*come up with ÇØ´äÀ» ã¾Æ³»´Ù produce, find a solution, an answer: Áö°¢ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¹°¾úÀ» ¶§ ±×´Â ´ë´äÀ» ¸øÇß´Ù. He couldn't come up with an answer when I asked him why he was late.

*classic ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ of a very typical and well known: ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ½Ç¼ö a classic mistake

*line ³ë¼±; Çൿ¹æÇâ directions; way of behavior, dealing with a situation: ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³ë¼±¿¡ Ãæ½ÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. You should keep to your own line.

*mean well ¼±ÀÇÀûÀÎ Àǵµ¸¦ °¡Áö´Ù have good intentions: ¹°·Ð ±×ÀÇ Àǵµ´Â ÁÁ¾Ò´Ù. Of course he means well.

*approach Á¢±Ù¹æ½Ä a manner or method of doing something: ±×ÀÇ Ã¥Àº ¾î·Á¿ò¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ·Î¿î Á¢±Ù¹æ½ÄÀ» Á¦½ÃÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. His book presents a new approach to the difficulty.

*scoundrel ¾ÇÇÑ wicked person with no principles or scruples; villain

*condemn ºñ³­ÇÏ´Ù say that somebody is, or has done wrong: ¸ðµÎ°¡ ±×ÀÇ ¾î¸®¼®Àº ÇൿÀ» ºñ³­Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. Everyone condemns his foolish behavior.

Whenever someone speaks with prejudice against a group¡ªCatholics, Jews, Italians, Negroes¡ªsomeone else usually comes up with a classic line of defence: "Look at Einstein!" "Look at Carver!" "Look at Toscanini!"

They mean well, these defenders. But their approach is wrong. It is even bad. What a minority group wants is not the right to have geniuses among them but the right to have fools and scoundrels without being condemned as a group.

2.13

ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀÇ ¸ðµç ¾ÇÀº Ç×»ó ¼³ÃÄ´ë±â¸¸ ÇÒ »Ó ¾ðÁ¦, ¾î¶² ÀÏÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â Áö ¸ð¸£´Â »ç¶÷µé ¶§¹®¿¡ »ý±ä´Ù. ³»°¡ º¸±â¿¡ ¾Ç¸¶´Â ¿ìÁÖ¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ¹Ù»Û Á¸ÀçÀÌ¸ç °ÔÀ¸¸§À» ºñ³­ÇÏ´Â °Í °°´Ù. Àå´ãÇÏ°Ç´ë ¾Ç¸¶ÀÇ ¿Õ±¹¿¡¼­´Â ´©±¸µç ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ ½±°Ô ÀÎÁ¤Çϵí ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀº ¸Å¿ì È¥¶õÇÑ »óÅÂÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ» ±×·¸°Ô ¸¸µç °ÍÀº °ÔÀ¸¸§ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù.

*bring about ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Ù cause to happen: ÀüÀïÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Ù bring about a war

*up and doing Ȱ¹ßÇÏ°Ô ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â always busy; actively engaged: ȸº¹ ±â°£ Áß ±×³à´Â Ȱ¹ßÇÏ°Ô ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ°í ½Í¾îÇß´Ù. During her convalescence she longed to be up and doing.

*take it ÃßÃøÇÏ´Ù assume; suppose: ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÏÂï ¿Í¾ß ÇÒ °Í °°´Ù. I take it that we are to come early.

*wager (³»±â¿¡) °É´Ù, È®½ÅÇÏ´Ù bet: ±×ÈÄ ±×°¡ ÃæºÐÇÑ ÇØ¿Ü ¿©ÇàÀ» Çß´ø °ÍÀº ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù. I'll wager he's had enough of foreign travel, after that!

*denounce °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ³­ÇÏ´Ù speak publicly against: ÀÌ´ÜÀÚ¸¦ °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ³­ÇÏ´Ù denounce a heresy

*admit ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù; ½ÃÀÎÇÏ´Ù acknowledge; confess: ±× ÀÏÀÌ ¾î·Æ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ½ÃÀÎÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. You must admit that the task is difficult.

*muddle È¥¶õ(»óÅÂ) confusion: ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ µÚÁ×¹ÚÁ×ÀÌ¶ó ¿øÇÏ´ø °ÍÀ» ãÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù. Everything was in a muddle and I couldn't find what I wanted.

*bring to such a pass ³­Ã³ÇÑ Áö°æÀÌ µÇ°Ô ÇÏ´Ù bring to such a state or condition: ±×µéÀº »çŸ¦ ³­Ã³ÇÑ Áö°æÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. They have brought things to such a pass.

All the evil in this world is brought about by persons who are always up and doing, but do not know when they ought to be up nor what they ought to be doing. The devil, I take it, is the busiest creature in the universe, and I can imagine him denouncing laziness. In his kingdom, I will wager, nobody is allowed to do nothing. The world, we all freely admit, is in a muddle, but I do not think that it is laziness that has brought it to such a pass.

Á¦ 3 °ú

3.1

½ÅÂü Áß¿ªÀÌ Ã³À½À¸·Î °íÀ§±Þ ȸÀÇ¿¡ Âü¼®Çß´Ù. Å×ÀÌºí ³¡ ÂÊ¿¡ ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾É¾Ò´Âµ¥ ¾î·Á¿î ¹®Á¦°¡ Á¦±âµÉ ¶§¸¶´Ù ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¸»À» Çϰï Çß´Ù. "ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀº Çѹø »ý±â¸é °è¼ÓµÇ´Â ¹ý." "¼¼»ó ¸¸»ç¿£ º¯È­°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹ý." "¼¼»óÀ» »ì·Á¸é ÀûÀº °Í¿¡µµ ¸¸Á·ÇÒ ÁÙ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ¹ý."

"Àú Ä£±¸°¡ È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁÖ´Â °Ô ¹¹¾ß?" ȸÀǰ¡ ³¡³­ ÈÄ »õ Áß¿ªÀÌ µ¿·á¿¡°Ô ¹°¾ú´Ù.

"¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ´Ü°á½ÉÀ» °®°Ô ÇØÁÖÁö. ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ ±×ÀÇ ¸ñÀ» Á¶¸£°í ½Í¾îÇϰŵç."

*executive Áß¿ª; ÀÌ»ç a person in an executive position, especially in business: ÀþÀº È«º¸´ã´ç ÀÌ»ç a young advertising executive

*conference ȸÀÇ (meeting for) discussion; exchange of view: ±¹ÀåÀº Áö±Ý ȸÀÇ ÁßÀÌ´Ù. The Director is in conference now.

*tough ¾î·Á¿î; Èûµç difficult to do or deal with; not easy; needing effort: ±× ȸ»ç´Â Èûµç °æÀïÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. The company faces tough competition.

*come up Á¦±âµÇ´Ù arise; be put forward: ±× ¹®Á¦´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ Á¦±âµÇ°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù. The question hasn't come up yet.

*It never rains, but it pours. ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀº ÇѲ¨¹ø¿¡ »ý±ä´Ù. a saying used when unwelcome things come or events happen in quick succession.

*It's a long road that has no turn. ¾îµð¿¡³ª º¯È­´Â ÀÖ°Ô ¸¶·ÃÀÌ´Ù.

*If life gives you lemons, then make lemonade. º¸Àß °Í ¾ø´Â °Íµµ ´Ù ¾µ¸ð°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Çö½Ç¿¡ µû¶ó¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

*colleague µ¿·á someone who works in the same place: ÀºÇà¿¡¼­ °°ÀÌ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ´Â µ¿·á¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÒ±î¿ä? May I introduce one of my colleagues at the bank?

*spirit ¸¶À½°¡Áü; Á¤½Å mental or moral attitude: Àå³­³¢·Î, ½É¼úÀÌ ³ª¼­ in a spirit of mischief

*unity ÀÏü°¨; ÅëÀϼº the state of being united, joined, or in agreement together: ´Ü°á ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Èû the strength that lies in unity

*strangle ±³»ì½ÃŰ´Ù, ¸ñÀ» Á¹¶ó Á×ÀÌ´Ù kill by pressing on the throat with the hands, a rope, etc. to stop breathing: ±×´Â ±×³à¸¦ ³ªÀÏ·Ð ½ºÅ¸Å·À¸·Î ±³»ì½ÃÄ×´Ù. He strangled her with a nylon stocking.

A new executive went to his first high-level meeting. At the end of the conference table sat a fellow who, whenever a tough problem came up, would say something like, "Well, it never rains, but it pours." or "It's a long road that has no turning." or "If life gives you lemons, then make lemonade."

"Exactly what does that guy do?" the new exec asked a colleague after the meeting.

"He gives us our spirit of unity." was the reply. "We'd all like to strangle him."

3.2

ÇÑ »ç¾÷°¡°¡ °í±Þ ·¹½ºÅä¶û¿¡¼­ ½Ä»ç¸¦ Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù°¡ °øÁßÀüÈ­ ¿·¿¡¼­ ¸® ¾ÆÀ̾ßÄÚÄ«¸¦ ¸¸³µ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. "¾ÆÀ̾ßÄÚÄ«¾¾," ±×°¡ ź¼ºÀ» Áú·¶´Ù. "¹Ì±¹ »ç¾÷°èÀÇ ¿µ¿õ! Àú´Â ´ç½ÅÀÇ °æ·ÂÀ» ¿¬±¸Çß°í Á¦°¡ ¾î´À Á¤µµ ¼º°øÇÑ °ÍÀº ´ç½Å¸¸Å­ ÀßÇÏ·Á°í ¾Ö½è±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¦ ºÎŹ Á» µé¾îÁֽðڽÀ´Ï±î? Àú´Â ¸î ¸íÀÇ µ¿·áµé°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦ Å×À̺í·Î ¿À¼Å¼­ '¾îÀÌ, ÇØ¸®,'¶ó°í ºÒ·¯Áֽðí Á¦°¡ µ¿·áµéÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁֽʽÿÀ. Àú¿¡°Ô´Â ¾ÆÁÖ Áß¿äÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù."

¾ÆÀ̾ßÄÚÄ«´Â ½Â³«Çß´Ù. ±× ³²ÀÚ°¡ ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ¾É±â¸¦ ±â´Ù¸° ´ÙÀ½ ±×ÀÇ Å×À̺íÀ» ÇâÇØ °É¾î°¬´Ù.

"¾îÀÌÄí!" ÇØ¸®ÀÇ Ä£±¸ ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¼Ò¸®ÃÆ´Ù. "¸® ¾ÆÀ̾ßÄÚÄ«°¡ À̸®·Î ¿À°í ÀÖ¾î!"

"¾îÀÌ, ÇØ¸®!" ¾ÆÀ̾ßÄÚÄ«°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù. "ÀÚ³× Ä£±¸µéÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇØ ÁÖ°Ô."

ÇØ¸®´Â °ü½É ¾ø´Ù´Â Ç¥Á¤À¸·Î ±×¸¦ ¹Ù¶óº¸¸ç ¸»Çß´Ù. "³ªÁß¿¡ ¿À°Ô, ¸®. ¿ì¸° Áö±Ý ½Ä»ç¸¦ ÇÏ·Áµç ÂüÀ̾ß."

*fancy °í±Þ½º·±, ºñ½Ñ extravagant: °í±Þ½º·´Áö ¾ÊÀº ¼ö¼öÇÑ Á¡½É½Ä»ç¿´´Ù. It was a simple lunch¡ªnothing fancy.

*go ¡¦¶ó°í ÇÏ´Ù be commonly thought of or believed: À̾߱âÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù The story goes that¡¦. (=It is said that¡¦.)

*booth °øÁßÀüÈ­ ¹Ú½º enclosure for a public telephone

*career °æ·Â; »ý¾Ö progress through life: À§ÀÎÀüÀ» ÀÐÀ¸¸é ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ» ¹è¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. We can learn much by reading about the careers of great men.

*do somebody a favor ºÎŹÀ» µé¾îÁÖ´Ù do something to help somebody: ºÎŹÀε¥ ÀüÈ­ÇÒ µ¿¾È ¶óµð¿À º¼·ýÀ» ³·Ãç¶ó. Do me a favor; turn the radio down while I'm on the phone, will you?

*colleague µ¿·á someone who works in the same place, office, etc. as oneself: ¿ì¸®´Â Á÷Àå µ¿·áÀÌ´Ù. We are colleagues.

*by ¿·¿¡; °¡±îÀÌ near; at or to the side of; beside: ³» ¿·¿¡ °¡±îÀÌ ¿Í¼­ ¾É¾Æ¶ó. Come and sit by me.

*mean Áß¿äÇÑ Àǹ̸¦ °¡Áö´Ù be of importance to the stated degree: ±×³à¿¡°Ô´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. Her work means everything to her.

*holy smoke ¾îÀÌÄí (used to express bewilderment, surprise, or astonishment.)

*head ¾î¶² °÷À» ÇâÇØ °¡´Ù move in a certain direction: ¿ì¸®´Â ÁýÀ¸·Î °¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. We're heading home.

*blank ¸ÛÇÑ; ¹«°ü½ÉÇÑ empty or expressionless; without understanding or interest: ¼³¸íÇÏ·Á ÇßÁö¸¸ ±×´Â µýûÀ» ºÎ·È´Ù. I tried to explain, but he just gave me a blank look.

A businessman was dining at a fancy restaurant and, so the story goes, met Lee Iacocca by the phone booth. "Mr. Iacocca," he exclaimed, "the American business hero! I've studied your career, and any success I've had comes from trying to do as well as you. Would you do me a favor? I'm with some colleagues. Please come by my table, say 'Hello, Harry,' and let me introduce you. It would mean so much to me."

Iacocca agreed. He waited for the man to sit down and then walked toward his table.

"Holy smoke!" cried one of Harry's friends. "It's Lee Iacocca, and he's heading this way!"

"Hello, Harry!" Iacocca said. "Introduce me to your friends."

Harry looked at him blankly "Come back later, Lee," he said. "We're trying to have lunch."

3.3

ö±æÀÌ Áö³ª°í ÀÖ´Â ¸ñÃÊÁö¿¡ ¾î¶² ³óºÎ°¡ ¸ÚÁø ¾Ï¼Ò¸¦ ±â¸£°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¸ÅÀÏ °°Àº ½Ã°¢¿¡ È­¹°¿­Â÷°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ ºü¸¥ ¼Óµµ·Î Áö³ª°¬´Ù. ¾î´À ³¯ ±âÂ÷°¡ Áö³ª°£ ÈÄ, ³óºÎ´Â ¾Ï¼Ò°¡ ¾ø¾îÁø °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ±×´Â Áï½Ã öµµÈ¸»ç¿¡ ¼Ò¼ÛÀ» Á¦±âÇß´Ù.

öµµÈ¸»ç´Â ÀþÀº º¯È£»ç¸¦ °í¿ëÇߴµ¥ ±× ¼Ò¼ÛÀÇ ÀçÆÇÀÌ ÀÖ±â Á÷Àü¿¡ º¯È£»ç´Â ³óºÎ¿Í ŸÇùÀ» ÇÏ¿© û±¸¾×ÀÇ ¹Ý¸¸À» ¹Þ°Ô Çß´Ù. ³óºÎ¿¡°Ô ÇÕÀÇ±Ý ¼öÇ¥¸¦ °Ç³×Áָ鼭 º¯È£»ç´Â ÀڱⰡ ÇØ³­ ÀÏÀ» ÀÚ¶û½º·¯¿öÇϸ鼭 ¸»Çß´Ù. "´ç½ÅÀº ³ª¸¦ ¹«Ã´ °ÆÁ¤ÄÉ Çß½À´Ï´Ù. µµ¹«Áö ÁõÀÎÀÌ ¾ø¾ú¾î¿ä. ±â»çµµ Àáµé¾ú°í, Á¶¼öµµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö¿´¾î¿ä. ´ç½ÅÀº Àü¾×À» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾úÁö¿ä."

"ÀþÀº ¾ç¹Ý," ³óºÎ´Â ¼öÇ¥¸¦ ÁÖ¸Ó´Ï¿¡ ³ÖÀ¸¸ç ¸»Çß´Ù. "´ç½Åµµ ³ª¸¦ ¹«Ã´ °ÆÁ¤ÄÉ Çß¼Ò. ±Û½ê ±× ¸ÁÇÒ ³ðÀÇ ¾Ï¼Ò°¡ ¿À´Ã ¾ÆÄ§ Áý¿¡ µ¹¾Æ¿Ô°Åµç."

*prize ¾ÆÁÖ ¸ÚÁø; »óÀ» ¹ÞÀº highly valued; that has won a prize: ¾ÆÁÖ ¸ÚÁø Àå¹Ì a prize rose

*pasture ¸ñÃÊÁö grassland for cattle

*freight train È­¹°¿­Â÷ goods train

*sue ¼Ò¼ÛÀ» Á¦±âÇÏ´Ù make a legal claim against: ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Àç»êÀ» ¹ÝȯÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¼Ò¼ÛÀ» Á¦±âÇϰڽÀ´Ï´Ù. If you don't return our property, we'll sue.

*trial ÀçÆÇ examination in a law court before a judge: ±× ÆÇ»ç´Â ÇÏ·ç¿¡ 4°ÇÀÇ ÀçÆÇÀ» ´ã´çÇß´Ù. The judge conducted four trials in one day.

*attorney º¯È£»ç a lawyer: ±×³à´Â Àڱ⠺¯È£»ç¿Í À̾߱âÇϱâ Àü¿¡ Áø¼úÀ» °ÅºÎÇß´Ù. She refused to make a statement until she had spoken to her attorney.

*bargain ÈïÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù talk about the conditions of a sale, agreement, or contract; negotiate: ±×µé°ú ÈïÁ¤ÇÏ¸é °¡°ÝÀ» ±ðÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °Å´Ù. If you bargain with them they might reduce the price.

*settle for ¸¸Á·½º·´Áö´Â ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Ù accept, although not altogether satisfactory: ³» Áß°íÂ÷ °ªÀ» 1000´Þ·¯ ¹Þ°í ½Í¾úÁö¸¸ 650´Þ·¯¿¡ ¸¸Á·ÇÒ ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. I had hoped to get $1000 for my old car but had to settle for $650.

*boast ÇãdzÀ» ¶³´Ù talk with unpleasant or unreasonable pride: ±×´Â 6°³±¹¾î¸¦ À¯Ã¢ÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇãdzÀ» ¶³¾ú´Ù. He boasted that he could speak six languages fluently.

*settlement ÇÕÀÇ an agreement or decision ending an argument, question, etc.: °æ¿µÀÚÃøÀº ³ëÁ¶Ãø°ú ±Þ·á ¹®Á¦¿¡ °üÇØ ÇÕÀǸ¦ º¸¾Ò´Ù. The management have reached a settlement with the union over the pay dispute.

*witness ÁõÀÎ; ¸ñ°ÝÀÚ someone who is present when something happens, especially a crime or an accident: »ç°ÇÀÇ ¸ñ°ÝÀÚ a witness of the accident

*brakeman ºÎ±â°ü»ç a railroad worker who assists the conductor in the operation of a train

*win ȹµæÇÏ´Ù; À̰ܼ­ ¾ò´Ù gain or receive as a result of victory or success in any kind of competition: ±×ÀÇ ¸»Àº 1µîÀ¸·Î ¿Í¼­ ¸¹Àº µ·À» ÅÀ´Ù. His horse came first and have won a lot of money.

*hand over ³Ñ°ÜÁÖ´Ù, ÀΰèÇÏ´Ù give something to someone else: ±×´Â »ç¾÷ü¸¦ ¾Æµé¿¡°Ô ³Ñ°ÜÁÖ¾ú´Ù. He handed over his business to his son.

*darned ¸ÁÇÒ ³ðÀÇ damned: Àú ¸ÁÇÒ ³ðÀÇ ÀÚÀü°Å¸¦ Â÷µµ¿¡¼­ Ä¡¿ö! Get that darned bicycle out of the driveway!

A farmer kept a prize cow in a pasture through which a railroad track ran. Each day at the same time, a freight train passed by at great speed. One day after the train had gone, the farmer discovered his cow was missing. He promptly sued the railroad.

The railroad hired a young lawyer, and just before the case came to trial, the attorney bargained with the farmer, getting him to settle for half of what he had demanded. Proud of his achievement, the lawyer boasted as he handed over the settlement check to the farmer: "You really had me worried. I didn't have any witnesses. The engineer was asleep, and so was the brakeman. You could have won the whole amount."

"Well, young fella," the farmer said as he pocketed the check, "you had me worried, too. You see, that darned cow came home this morning."

3.4

¹Ì¿ë½Ç¿¡¼­ ¸Ó¸® ¼ÕÁúÀ» ÇØÁÖ´Â ³ª´Â ¾î¶² ¼Õ´ÔÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ °¨¾ÆÁÖ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¸Ó¸®¸¦ Çó±ÅÁÖ´ø È£½º°¡ ¼Õ¿¡¼­ ºüÁ®³ª°¡ ±×ÀÇ ¾ó±¼ Á¤¸éÀ¸·Î ¹°À» »Õ¾ú´Ù.

³ª´Â Å©°Ô »ç°ú¸¦ Çߴµ¥ ±×´Â ³» À߸ø¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³Ê±×·¯¿ü´Ù. "±¦Âú¾Æ¿ä. ³ª´Â ¹è°ü°øÀ̶ó ±×·± ÀÏ¿¡ Àͼ÷Çϰŵç¿ä."

*stylist ¹Ì¿ë»ç a person who develops or arranges styles of appearance: ¹Ì¿ë»ç a hair stylist¡ªwho cuts and arranges people's hair

*salon ¹ÌÀå¿ø a stylish or fashionable small shop, especially where services are sold: ¹Ì¿ë¿ø a hairdressing salon

*rinse ¹°¿¡ ±ú²ýÀÌ Ç󱸴٠clean using fresh water, especially to put (clothes or hair) in clean water in order to remove soap after washing: ÀÌ ¼ÅÃ÷µéÀ» ±ú²ýÀÌ Ç󱸰ڴÙ. I'll rinse (out) these shirts.

*slip ºüÁ®³ª°¡´Ù get free from (a fastening): °³´Â ¸ñÁÙÀ» ¹þ°í ´Þ¾Æ³µ´Ù. The dog slipped his collar and ran away.

*spray ¡¦¿¡ ¡¦À» »Ñ¸®´Ù scatter ¡¦ on: °ú¼ö¿¡ »ìÃæÁ¦¸¦ »Õ´Ù spray fruit-trees

*squarely ¶È¹Ù·Î directly: ±×´Â ±×³àÀÇ ´«À» ¶È¹Ù·Î ÃÄ´Ùº¸¾Ò´Ù. He looked her squarely in the eye.

*mishap ¸»½é something that goes wrong : ±ä ¿©ÇàÀº º°Å»¾øÀÌ Áö³ª°¬´Ù. The long journey passed without mishap.

*plumber ¹è°ü°ø a person whose job is to fit and repair water pipes, bathroom apparatus, etc.

*used to ¡¦¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇØÁø in the habit of; accustomed to: ³ª´Â ¼ÒÀ½¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇØÁ³´Ù. I'm used to the noise.

As a hair stylist in a salon, I was giving a client a shampoo. The hose I was using to rinse his hair slipped out of my hand and sprayed him squarely in the face.

I couldn't apologize enough, but he was nice about the mishap. "That's okay," he said, "I'm a plumber. I'm used to it."

3.5

»ç±³ Ŭ·´ÀÇ ´í½º ÆÄƼ°¡ ¹«¸£À;úÀ» ¶§ ¹æ±Ý ¸¸³­ ÇÑ ³²³à°¡ À̾߱⸦ ³ª´©°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ´ëÈ­´Â ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾øÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ °ú°Å °áÈ¥»ýȰ ÂÊÀ¸·Î Èê·¶´Ù.

"Àú´Â ³²ÆíÀ» Ç×ÇØ Áß¿¡ ÀÒ¾ú¾î¿ä." ¿©ÀÚ°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù.

"¾ÈµÆ±º¿ä," ³²ÀÚ°¡ ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "¾î¶»°Ô µÈ °Ì´Ï±î? ±×ºÐÀÌ ¼ö¿µÀº Çß³ª¿ä?"

"¾Æ, ±×·± °Ô ¾Æ´Ï¾ú¾î¿ä," ±×³à°¡ ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "°ü±¤ ¿©°´¼±¿¡¼­ ³²ÆíÀ» ¾î¶² »¡°­¸Ó¸®ÀÇ ¿©ÀÚ¿¡°Ô »©¾Ñ°å¾î¿ä."

*in full swing ÇÑâ ÁøÇà ÁßÀÎ having reached a very active stage: ÆÄƼ°¡ ÇÑâ ÁøÇà Áß¿¡ °æÂûÀÌ µéÀÌ´ÚÃÆ´Ù. The party was in full swing when the police burst in.

*former ÀüÀÇ; °ú°ÅÀÇ of an earlier period: ±×³àÀÇ Àü ³²Æí her former husband

*at sea Ç×ÇØ Áß¿¡ away from the land: ±×´Â ¼öÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù. He was buried at sea.

*cruise À¯¶÷ a sea voyage for pleasure: À¯¶÷¼± a cruise liner

The dance at the local social club was in full swing as a couple who had just met chatted with each other. The conversation inevitably turned to their former marriages.

"I lost my husband at sea," said the woman.

"I'm so sorry," replied the man. "How did happen? Was he swimming?"

"Oh, it wasn't like that," she answered. "I lost him to a redhead on a cruise ship."

3.6

"ÅëÇà¿¡ ¹æÇذ¡ µË´Ï´Ù. ÀϾ½Ê½Ã¿À." ±ØÀå º¹µµ¿¡ Ãà ´Ã¾îÁ® ´©¿öÀÖ´Â ³²ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾È³»ÀÎÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù.

³²ÀÚ´Â ¿òÁ÷ÀÌÁöµµ ¾Ê°í ´ë´äµµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¾È³»ÀÎÀÌ ºÒ·¯¼­ ¿Â Áö¹èÀÎÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù. "´Ù¸¥ µ¥·Î °¡½Ã¿À."

¾þµå¸° ³²ÀÚ´Â ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ÀÀ´äÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ Áö¹èÀÎÀº °æÂûÀ» ºÒ·¶´Ù. "ÀϾÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é üÆ÷ÇϰڼÒ," °æÂû°üÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù. "µµ´ëü ¾îµð¼­ ¿Ô¼Ò?"

³²ÀÚ´Â ¸öÀ» ²ÞƲ°Å¸®¸ç ¸»Çß´Ù. "Àú ¹ßÄÚ´Ï¿¡¼­."

*block ±æÀ» ¸·´Ù prevent movement through: Å« Æ®·°À¸·Î ±æÀÌ ¸·Çû´Ù. The road was blocked by a big truck.

*usher ¾È³»ÀÎ person who shows people to their seats in theaters, cinemas, etc.

*sprawl Ãà ´Ã¾îÁö´Ù stretch one's body out wide or awkwardly in lying or sitting: ±×´Â ±×³à°¡ ¾È¶ôÀÇÀÚ¿¡ Æí¾ÈÇÏ°Ô Àáµé¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù. He found her sprawled out in a comfortable chair asleep.

*prone ³³ÀÛ ¾þµå¸° lying on one's front, face downwards: ¾þµå¸° ÀÚ¼¼·Î in a prone position

*anyway ¾î·µç (used when going on with a story, changing a subject in conversation) in any case; at any rate: ¾î·µç ÇØº¼ ¼ö´Â ÀÖ´Ù. Anyway, you can try.

"You're blocking the way, sir," said the usher to a man sprawled in the aisle of a movie theater. "Please get up."

The man didn't move or reply. The usher called the manager over, who said, "I must ask you to move."

Still the prone man didn't reply. So the manager called the police. "Get up or I'll have to take you in," the officer said. "Where did you come from anyway?"

The man stirred finally and said, "The balcony."

3.7

¿ì¸® ÀλýÀÇ »ó´ç ºÎºÐÀÌ ¸ù»ó¿¡ Àá°ÜÀÖ°í »ó»ó·ÂÀÌ Ç³ºÎÇÒ¼ö·Ï ¸ù»óÀº ´Ù¾çÇÏ°í »ý»ýÇÏ´Ù. ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ù»óµéÀÌ ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ±â·ÏµÇ¾î ¿ì¸® ¾Õ¿¡ ÆîÃÄÁø´Ù¸é ±×°ÍÀ» Á÷¸éÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª µÉ±î? ¼öÄ¡°¨ ¶§¹®¿¡ ²Ä¦ ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸®°¡ ±×ó·³ Ä¡»çÇϰí, »ç¾ÇÇϰí, °°Çϰí, À̱âÀûÀ̰í, À½ÅÁÇϰí, ¼Ó¹°ÀûÀ̰í, Ç㿵¿¡ Â÷ÀÖ°í, °¨»óÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í ¼Ò¸®Ä¥ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÁøÁ¤ ¸ù»óÀÇ ³»¿ëµéÀÌ Çൿ¸¸Å­ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ºÎºÐÀ» ÀÌ·ç°í ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ¸¸ÀÏ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ±íÀº »ý°¢µéÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â Á¸Àç°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¿ì¸®´Â ÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­Ã³·³ ¸ù»óÀÇ ³»¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇØ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Á®¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Àΰ£µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¶À½ ¼Ó¿¡ ¹æÈ²ÇÏ´Â ²ûÂコ·± »ý°¢µéÀº ÀØ°í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô¼­ ±×·± °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¸é ºÐ°³ÇÑ´Ù.

*occupy (½Ã°£, °ø°£, °ü½É)À» Â÷ÁöÇÏ´Ù take up, fill (space, time, attention, the mind): ±×´Â ºÒ¾î ¼Ò¼³À» ¹ø¿ªÇϴµ¥ ¸ôµÎÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. He is occupied in translating a French novel.

*reveries ¸ù»ó being lost in dreamy thoughts: ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ù»ó¿¡ ºüÁ®ÀÖ´Â lost in reveries about the future

*varied ´Ù¾çÇÑ of different sorts: »ýȰÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¸éµé the varied scenes of life

*vivid »ý»ýÇÑ clear and distinct: »ç°Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ý»ýÇÑ ±â¼ú(ÑÀâû) a vivid description of an event

*register µî·ÏÇÏ´Ù make a written record in a list: ³ª´Â ´Ù¸¥ °÷¿¡¼­ ¿Â »ç¶÷Àε¥ °æÂû¿¡ µî·ÏÇØ¾ß Çմϱî? I am a foreigner here; must I register with the police?

*petty ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¿ËÁ¹ÇÑ having or showing a narrow mind: ÂÅÂÅÇÑ ¾ÇÀÇ petty spite

*obscene À½¶õÇÑ morally disgusting, nasty, dirty: °æÂûÀº ¸¹Àº ¾çÀÇ À½¶õ ÃâÆÇ¹°À» ¾Ð·ùÇß´Ù. The police seized a quantity of obscene publications.

*snob ¼Ó¹° person who pays too much respect to social position or wealth, or who despise persons who are of lower social position

*overcome ¾àÈ­½ÃŰ´Ù make weak: °ú·Î·Î ¾àÇØÁö´Ù be overcome by fatigue

*mean Ä¡»çÇÑ unworthy, discreditable: ±×°ÍÀº Ä¡»çÇÑ ¼ÓÀÓ¼ö¿´´Ù. That was a mean trick!

*vain ÀÚ¸¸½ÉÀÌ °­ÇÑ; »Ë³»´Â having too high an opinion: ±×´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ÀÚ¸¸½ÉÀÌ °­ÇÏ´Ù. He's as vain as a peacock.

*might (just) as well ¡¦ÇÏ´Â °Ô ÁÁ´Ù have no strong reason not to: ÀÌ À½½ÄÀº ¾Æ¹«µµ ¸ÔÁö ¾ÊÀ¸´Ï ¹ö¸®´Â °Ô ÁÁ°Ú´Ù. No one will eat this food; it might just as well be thrown away.

*indignant ºÐ°³ÇÑ angry and scornful: ºÎ´çÇÑ ºñ³­¿¡ ºÐ°³ÇÑ indignant at a false accusation

A great part of our lives is occupied in reverie, and the more imaginative we are the more varied and vivid this will be. How many of us could face having our reveries automatically registered and set before us? We should be overcome with shame. We should cry that we could not really be as mean, as wicked, as petty, as selfish, as obscene, as snobbish, as vain, as sentimental, as that. Yet surely our reveries are as much part of us as our actions, and if there were a being to whom our inmost thoughts were known we might just as well be held responsible for them as for our deeds. Men forget the horrible thoughts that wander through their own minds, and are indignant when they discover them in others.

3.8

Á¡ÀÝÀº ¿©ÀÚµé »çÀÌ¿¡µµ ½Ã±â½ÉÀº »ó´çÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ·±´ø ÁöÇÏö¿¡ ¾É¾ÆÀÖ´Ù°¡ Àß Â÷·Á ÀÔÀº ¿©ÀÚ°¡ Áö³ª°¥ ¶§, ´Ù¸¥ ¿©ÀÚµéÀÇ ½Ã¼±À» »ìÆìº¸¶ó. ¾î¼´Ù ´õ Àß Â÷·Á ÀÔÀº ¿©ÀÚµéÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í ¸ðµç ¿©ÀÚµéÀº ¾ÇÀÇ¿¡ Âù ´«Ãʸ®·Î ±×³à¸¦ ¹Ù¶óº¸¸é¼­ ±×³à¿¡°Ô ÇØ·Î¿î °á·ÐÀ» ²ø¾î³»·Á°í ¾Ö¾²´Â ¸ð½ÀÀ» º¸°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½ºÄµ´ÞÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÀÌ·± ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¾ÇÀÇÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¿©ÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁÁÁö ¾ÊÀº À̾߱â´Â ±Ù°Å°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ Èñ¹ÚÇØµµ °ð ¹Ï°Ô µÈ´Ù.

*Underground ·±´øÀÇ ÁöÇÏö subway, especially (in Britain) the one in London: ¿ì¸®´Â ÁöÇÏöÀ» Ÿ°í °¬´Ù. We went on the Underground.

*malevolent ³²ÀÌ ¾ÈµÇ±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ó´Â; ¾ÇÀǸ¦ °¡Áø wishing to do evil or cause suffering to others; spiteful: ±×´Â ³²µéÀÇ ÇູÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ·Á´Â ¾Ç¶öÇÑ ¼º°ÝÀ» °¡Á³´Ù. He had malevolent inclinations to destroy the happiness of others.

*struggle ¾Ö¸¦ ¾²´Ù make great effort: µµµÏÀº µµ¸ÁÄ¡·Á ¾Ö¸¦ ½è´Ù. The thief struggled to get free.

*inference °á·Ð conclusion: ±×°ÍÀÌ ±×ÀÇ Áø¼ú¿¡¼­ ¾ò¾î³½ °øÁ¤ÇÑ °á·ÐÀΰ¡? Is that a fair inference from his statement?

*derogatory Áß»ó ¸ð·«ÇÏ´Â; (¸í¿¹¸¦) ¼Õ»óÇÏ´Â tending to damage or take away from: ³ªÀÇ ¸í¿¹¸¦ Áß»óÇÏ´Â ¸»µé remarks that are derogatory to my reputation

*instantly Áï½Ã at once; immediately: Áï»çÇÏ´Ù be instantly killed

*flimsy Ãë¾àÇÑ easily injured and destroyed: ¼ÓÀÌ ºþÈ÷ µé¿©´ÙºÆ´Â ±¸½Ç a flimsy excuse

Among average respectable women envy plays an extraordinarily large part. If you are sitting in the Underground and a well-dressed woman happens to walk along the car, watch the eyes of the other women. You will see that every one of them, with the possible exception of those who are even better dressed, will watch the woman with malevolent glances, and will be struggling to draw inferences derogatory to her. The love of scandal is an expression of this general malevolence; any story against another woman is instantly believed even on the flimsiest evidence.

3.9

ÇູÀ̶õ Å©°í ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î º¸¼®Ã³·³ ±×°ÍÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¼Ò¿ë¾ø´Â ÁþÀ̰í, ±×°ÍÀ» ¾òÀ¸·Á´Â ¸ðµç ³ë·ÂÀÌ Çã¸ÁÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î ¾ÆÁÖ Æ¯ÀÌÇÏ°í ±ÍÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ÇູÀ̶õ ÀÛ°í ÈçÇÑ º¸¼®µéÀÌ ¿«¾îÁ® º¸±â ÁÁ°í ¿ì¾ÆÇÑ Çϳª·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇູÀ̶õ Æò¹üÇÑ Àλý±æ¿¡ Èð¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Â ÀÛÀº ±â»ÝµéÀ» Áñ±â´Â °ÍÀ̹ǷΠ±²ÀåÈ÷ ½Å³ª´Â Áñ°Å¿ò¸¸À» ¿­½ÉÈ÷ Ãß±¸ÇÏ·Á°í Çϸé Áö³ªÃĹö¸®±â ½±´Ù.

*rare µå¹®; Èñ±ÍÇÑ extremely unusual or uncommon: Èñ±ÍÁ¾ÀÇ º¸Á¸ the preservation of rare species

*vain Ç㹫ÇÑ without use or result: ÇãȲµÈ ¼Ò¸Á a vain hope

*pleasing ±âºÐÀ» ÁÁ°Ô ÇÏ´Â likable; giving delight: ¸Å³Ê°¡ ÁÁÀº À¯ÄèÇÑ Ã»³â a pleasing young man with pleasing manner

*consist in ¡¦¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Ù lie in: ±¹°¡ÀÇ ÇູÀº ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. The happiness of a country consists in the freedom of its citizens.

*graceful ¿ì¾ÆÇÑ attractive to see: ¿ì¾ÆÇÑ ¹«¿ë°¡ a graceful dancer

*apt ¡¦ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Â having a tendency, likely to do something: ±×´Â ¿µ¸®ÇÑ ¼Ò³âÀ̳ª Àå³­±â°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. He' a clever boy but apt to get into mischief.

*overlook °£°úÇÏ´Ù; º¸Áö ¸øÇÏ°í ³Ñ¾î°¡´Ù fail to see or notice; pay no attention to: ±×ÀÇ °í¿ëÁÖµéÀº ±×ÀÇ ¼ö°í¸¦ ¸ô¶óÁá´Ù. His services have been overlooked by his employers.

Happiness is not, like a large and beautiful gem, so uncommon and rare that all search for it is vain, all efforts to obtain it hopeless; but it consists of smaller and commoner gems, grouped and set together, forming a pleasing and graceful whole. Happiness consists in the enjoyment of little pleasures scattered along the common path of life, which, in the eager search for some great and exciting joy, we are apt to overlook.

3.10

»ç¶÷ÀÌ ¹ßÀüÇϴµ¥ °¡Àå ½É°¢ÇÑ À§ÇùÀº Á÷Àå¿¡¼­ ¾ÈÀϹ«»çÇϰí, ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á°í Á¶½ÉÇϴµ¥¼­ »ý±ä´Ù. ¾ÈÀÏÇÑ Åµµ¸¦ ÃëÇÒ ¶§ ¿ì¸®´Â Á÷Àå »ó»ç¿Í Á¶Á÷¿¡ Ãæ¼ºÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®ÀÇ ¶æ¿¡ µû¸¥´Ù°í º¯¸íÇÑ´Ù. Ãæ¼º½ÉÀ» °ú¼ÒÆò°¡ÇÏ·Á´Â »ý°¢Àº °áÄÚ ¾øÁö¸¸ ³ª´Â ¾î´À Á¤µµ ¹Ý´ëÀǰßÀ» °®°í ½Í´Ù. ´©±º°¡°¡ ³»°Ô µûÁö´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. ÇÑ Á¶Á÷¿¡¼­ µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¶È°°ÀÌ »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù¸é ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ¾ø¾îµµ µÈ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¸í½ÉÇÏÀÚ.

*arise from ÀϾ´Ù, »ý±â´Ù result from: Á¦ÀÇµÈ Á¶Ç׿¡¼­ Áß´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓÀÌ »ý±æ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Serious obligations may arise from the proposed clause.

*effort ³ë·Â strength, force, etc., that must be used (in an attempt) to do something; hard work: ÀÌ ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ·Á¸é ¾ÆÁÖ ÈûÀÌ µç´Ù. It is really an effort to do this work.

*see to it À¯ÀÇÇÏ´Ù take care: Äè¶ôÀÌ ÀÏÀ» ¹æÇØÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï À¯ÀÇÇØ¶ó. See to it that pleasure does not interfere with business.

*adopt äÅÃÇÏ´Ù accept or take (something) and use it for some purpose: ±×´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Á¦¾ÈÀ» ¹Þ¾Æµé¿´´Ù. He adopted our suggestion.

*boss ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®; »ó±ÞÀÚ a master, employer, or person having control over others: ±×´Â »çÀå¿¡°Ô ´õ ¸¹Àº µ·À» ¿ä±¸Çß´Ù. He asked the boss for more money.

*Far be it from me to °áÄÚ ¡¦ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù I certainly would not: ±×¸¦ µµµÏÀ̶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ »ý°¢Àº ÀüÇô ¾ø´Ù. Far be it from me to call him a thief.

*belittle °ú¼ÒÆò°¡ÇÏ´Ù speak lightly of: À§ÇèÀ» °ú¼ÒÆò°¡ÇÏ´Ù belittle the danger

*rather Â÷¶ó¸®; ¿ÀÈ÷·Á more willingly: ¼ö¿µº¸´Ù´Â Á¤±¸¸¦ ÇϰڴÙ. I'd rather play tennis than swim.

*get along Áö³»´Ù; »ì¾Æ°¡´Ù manage: ¿ì¸®´Â µ· ¾øÀÌ »ì ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. We can't get along without money.

The most serious threat to a person's progress arises from his efforts to keep safe in his job, to see to it that he doesn't make mistakes. Sometimes when we adopt "safe" attitudes we tell ourselves that we don't disagree with the boss because we are loyal to him and the organization. Far be it from me to belittle loyalty, but I would rather have a little disagreement. I'd rather have someone give me an argument. Let us remember that two men in an organization think exactly alike, we can get along without one of them.

3.11

´ëµµ½Ã¿¡¼­ »ç´Â °¡Àå Å« À§Çè Áß Çϳª´Â ÀÌ¿ô »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ³Ê¹« ¸¹°í Àΰ£¾Ö°¡ ³Ê¹« Àû´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù. Àΰ£¿¡°Ô ÇǰïÇØÁ®¼­ ÇÑ ±×·çÀÇ Çª¸¥ ³ª¹«°¡ õ¿© ¸íÀÇ µ¿·á ½Ã¹Îµéº¸´Ù ´õ ±ÍÁßÇØ º¸ÀÌ´Â ¶§°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Àͼ÷ÇØÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¼ö¹é ¸¸°³ÀÇ ´«µéÀÌ ¿ì¸®¸¦ ¹ÌÄ¡°Ô ¸¸µé°í, ¼ö¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÇѾøÀÌ ¶°¹Ð¸®´Ù º¸¸é ¸»´õ½ºÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀ» º¸´Ù ¿ìÈ£ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ°Ô µÇ°í, ½ÉÁö¾î Çì·Ô°ú °°Àº ´ë·® ÇлìÀÚµéÀ» ÁÁ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.

*apt having a tendency, likely to do something: ±×´Â ¾î·Á¿î »óȲ¿¡¼­ È­¸¦ ³»´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. He's apt to lose his temper in difficult situations..

*humanity Àηù the human race; mankind: Àηù¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹üÁË crimes against humanity

*odd ¾à°£ ³Ñ´Â with a little extra: 500 ³²Áþ five hundred odd (=a number greater than 500)

*weary make or become tired: È¥ÀÚ »ç´Âµ¥ ÁöÄ£ wearied of living all alone

*harden make or become stronger and more able to deal with difficulty, pain, etc.: »ê ¼ÓÀÇ »ýȰÀÌ ³ª¸¦ °­ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. Life in the mountains hardened me.

*jostle ¹ÐÄ¡´Ù push roughly: ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÎÆÄ¿¡ ¹Ð·È´Ù. We were jostled by the crowd.

*take to ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Ù be kind or favorable to; like: Âð°ú ÆúÀº ¸¸³ªÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ ¼­·Î ÁÁ¾ÆÇϰԵǾú´Ù. Jean took to Paul as soon as they met.

*think better of ´õ ÁÁ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏ´Ù have a higher opinion of: Á˼ÛÇÏ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÏ¸é »ç¶÷µéÀº ´ç½ÅÀ» ´õ ÁÁ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. People will think better of you if you say you're sorry.

*wholesale ´ë·®À¸·Î, ´ë±Ô¸ð·Î on a large scale: °æÂûÀÌ ¹ßÆ÷ÇÏÀÚ ´ë·® »ìÀ°ÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁ³´Ù. There was a wholesale slaughter when the police opened fire.

*depopulate Àα¸¸¦ °Ý°¨½ÃŰ´Ù lessen the number of people: ÀüÀïÀ¸·Î Àα¸°¡ °Ý°¨µÈ ³ª¶ó a country depopulated by war

One of the greatest dangers of living in large towns is that we have too many neighbors and human fellowship is too cheap. We are apt to become wearied of humanity; a solitary green tree sometimes seems dearer to us than an odd thousand of our fellow citizens. Unless we are hardened, the millions of eyes begin to madden us; and for ever pushed and jostled by crowds we begin to take more kindly to Malthus, and are even willing to think better of Herod and other wholesale depopulators.

3.12

¾ðÁ¨°¡ ¾Ë·ÁÁö¸é ó¹úÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ÁþÀ» ÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¹°¾îº¸¸é, ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ±× »ç¶÷Àº ¹ß°¢ÀÌ ÀÓ¹ÚÇßÀ» ¶§ Á˸¦ ´µ¿ìÃÆ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº Á÷¾÷»óÀÇ À§Çè ºÎ´ãÀ¸·Î ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÇ °¨¿Á»ìÀ̸¦ ¿¹»óÇϰí ÀÖ´Â Àü¹®ÀûÀÎ µµµÏ¿¡°Ô´Â ÇØ´çµÇÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸, °æÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ¾Ð¹ÚÀ» ´À³¤ ¼ø°£ µ·À» Ⱦ·ÉÇÑ ÀºÇàÀÇ ºÎÀåÀ̳ª ¿­Á¤¿¡ ¸ø ÀÌ°Ü ¼ºÀûÀ¸·Î Å»¼±ÇÑ ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ °°Àº ¼ÒÀ§ Á¡ÀÝÀº ¹ü¹ýÀڵ鿡°Ô ÇØ´çµÈ´Ù. ±×·± »ç¶÷µéÀº Àû¹ßµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Èñ¹ÚÇØ º¸ÀÏ ¶§´Â ¹üÁ˸¦ ÀØÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, Àû¹ßµÇ¾ú°Å³ª ±×·¸°Ô µÉ À§ÇèÀÌ Å¬ ¶§, Á»´õ ´öÀ» ½×Áö ¸øÇß´ø °ÍÀ» ÈÄȸÇϰí, ÀÌ·± ÈÄȸ´Â ±×µéÀÇ Á˰¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª Å« °ÍÀÎÁö¸¦ ½Ç°¨ÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù.

*manner ¹æ¹ý, ¹æ½Ä way in which a thing is done or happen: ±×°ÍÀ» ÀÌ·± ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÇØ¶ó. Do it in this manner.

*imminent ÀÓ¹ÚÇÑ which is going to happen very soon: ±×°¡ µµÂøÇÒ ½Ã°£ÀÌ ÀÓ¹ÚÇß´Ù. His arrival is imminent.

*repent ÂüȸÇÏ´Ù, À߸øÀ» ´µ¿ìÄ¡´Ù think with regret or sorrow of: ±×´Â ÀڱⰡ ÇÑ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÂüȸÇß´Ù. He repented of what he had done.

*offender ¹ü¹ýÀÚ, ¹üÁËÀÚ person who does wrong, especially by breaking a law: '±×µéÀº Çϳª´ÔÀÇ À²¹ýÀ» ¾î±ä ÀÚµéÀÌ´Ù.'¶ó°í ±×´Â ¿ÜÃÆ´Ù. `They are offenders against the laws of God!' he cried.

*embezzle µ·À» Ⱦ·ÉÇÏ´Ù use for oneself money given into one's care: ±×´Â Àû¹ßµÇ±â Àü¿¡ 15,000´Þ·¯¸¦ Ⱦ·ÉÇß´Ù. He embezzled $15,000 before they caught him.

*stress ¾î·Á¿î »óȲ pressure; condition causing hardship: °¡³­¿¡ Âîµé·Á¼­ under the stress of poverty

*irregularity Å»¼± something contrary to rules, to what is normal and established: Å»¼±ÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§µé irregularities in behavior

*grave ½É°¢ÇÑ, Áß´ëÇÑ serious; requiring careful consideration: ½É°¢ÇÑ ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀúÁö¸£´Ù make a grave mistake

*enormity ±Ø¾Ç ¹«µµ, ´ëÁË great wickedness: ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á˰¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª Å« Áö ¾Ë°í Àִ°¡? Does he realize the enormity of his offence?

If you will ask some one who has at some time acted in a manner for which he would be punished if it became known, you will find that when discovery seemed imminent, the person in question repented of his crime. I do not say that this would apply to the professional thief who expects a certain amount of prison as a trade risk, but it applies to what may be called the respectable offender, such as the bank manager who has embezzled in a moment of stress, or the clergyman who has been tempted by passion into some sexual irregularity. Such men can forget their crime when there seems little chance of detection, but when they are found out or in grave danger of being so, they wish they had been more virtuous, and this wish may give them a lively sense of the enormity of their sin.

3.13

¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´ç½Å¿¡ °üÇØ ²ûÂïÇÑ ¸»À» Çß´Ù´Â ¼Ò¸®¸¦ µéÀ¸¸é ´ç½ÅÀº ±× »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ´ç¿¬ÇÏ°Ô ¹Þ¾Æ ¸¶¶¥ÇÑ ºñÆÇÀ» ¾ÆÈç ¾ÆÈ© ¹øÀ̳ª »ï°¡ÇØ ¿Ô´ø Á¡À» ±â¾ïÇÏ°í ¹é ¹øÂ° ¹«½ÉÄÚ ±× »ç¶÷¿¡ °üÇÑ »ç½ÇÀ» ¸»Çعö¸° °ÍÀº Àش´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±×ó·³ ¸¹ÀÌ Âü¾ÆÁØ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸´äÀÌ À̰ÍÀΰ¡¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±× »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼­ º¸¸é ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÇൿÀº ±× »ç¶÷ÀÇ Çൿ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ´À³¢´Â °Í°ú ²À ¸¶Âù°¡ÁöÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø ¾ÆÈç ¾ÆÈ© ¹ø¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­´Â ¾ËÁö ¸øÇϰí, ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¸»À» ÇÑ ¹é ¹øÂ°¸¸À» ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù.

*so-and-so ¾Æ¹«°³ person not needing to be named: ±×´Â ¾î¶² ´ÄÀºÀÌ¿´´Ù. He's an old so-and-so.

*horrid ¾ÆÁÖ ¸ø¸¶¶¥ÇÑ disagreeable: ¾ÆÁÖ ³ª»Û ³¯¾¾ horrid weather

*refrain from »ï°¡ÇÏ´Ù; ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ´Ù hold oneself back: °ø°øÀå¼Ò¿¡¼­ ħÀ» ¹ñÁö ¸¶½Ã¿À. Please refrain from spitting in public places.

*utter ¸»ÇÏ´Ù say: ±×°¡ ÇÑ ¸¶Áö¸· ¸» the last words he uttered

*unguarded ¹«½ÉÇÑ unwisely careless: ¹«½ÉÄÚ ±×°ÍÀ» ÇÏ°Ú´Ù°í µ¿ÀÇÇߴµ¥ ±×ÈÄ µÎ°íµÎ°í ÈÄȸÇß´Ù. I agreed to do it in an unguarded moment, and I've regretted it ever since.

*declare ¼±¾ðÇÏ´Ù make known publicly: Çǰí´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¹«Á˶ó°í ¼±¾ðÇß´Ù. The accused man declared that he was not guilty.

*forbearance ÂüÀ»¼º; ÀÚÁ¦·Â patience; self-control: Àγ»½ÉÀ» °¡Áö°í »ç¶÷µéÀ» ´Ù·ç´Ù show forbearance in dealing with people

*conduct Çൿ; ÇàÀ§ behavior: ¼±ÇàÀ̳ª ¾ÇÇà good or bad conduct

When you hear that so-and-so has said something horrid about you, you remember the ninety-nine times when you have refrained from uttering the most just and well-deserved criticism of him, and forget the hundredth time when in an unguarded moment you have declared what you believe to be the truth about him. Is this the reward, you feel, for all your long forbearance? Yet from his point of view your conduct appears exactly what his appears to you; he never knows of the times when you have not spoken, he knows only of the hundredth time when you did speak.

Á¦ 4 °ú

4.1

¼¼ ¸íÀÇ ¼Ò³âÀÌ ¾Æ¹öÁö ÀÚ¶ûÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÇÑ ¼Ò³âÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù. "¿ì¸® ¾Æºü´Â ¾ÆÁÖ »¡¶ó¼­ ȰÀ» ½î°í ³ª¼­ È­»ìº¸´Ù »¡¸® °ú³á¿¡ °¥ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î."

"±×·± °Ç ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ¾Æ´Ï¾ß." µÎ ¹øÂ° ¼Ò³âÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù. "¿ì¸® ¾Æºü´Â 500¾ßµå ¶³¾îÁø °÷¿¡¼­ »ç½¿À» ½î°í ³ª¼­ ±× »ç½¿ÀÌ ¾²·¯Áö±â Àü¿¡ »ç½¿ ¿·¿¡ °¥ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å­ »¡¶ó."

"´ë´Üµé Çϱ¸³ª!" ¼¼ ¹øÂ° ¼Ò³âÀÌ ¸»Çß´Ù. "¿ì¸® ¾Æºü´Â °ø¹«¿øÀε¥ 4½Ã 30ºÐ¿¡ Åð±ÙÇØ¼­ 3½Ã 45ºÐ¿¡ ±Í°¡ÇÒ Á¤µµ·Î »¡¶ó."

*brag ÇãdzÀ» ¶³´Ù talk too proudly about; boast: ±×³à´Â ¿µÈ­°è¿¡ ¾Æ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸¹´Ù°í ÇãdzÀ» ¶³¾ú´Ù. She bragged about her connections in the film world.

*big deal ´ë´ÜÇϱ¸³ª! (¿ª¼³ÀûÀΠǥÇö) (showing that one considers something unimportant): "±×¿¡°Ô ¸»Á¶½ÉÇØ¶ó. ±×´Â ȸ»ç »çÀå´ÔÀ̼Å." "Èï, ´ë´ÜÇϱ¸³ª!" "Be careful how you speak to him. He's the company president." "Big deal!"

*get off Åð±ÙÇÏ´Ù leave (work) with permission: ³Ê´Â ¸î ½Ã¿¡ Åð±ÙÇÏ´Ï? What time do you get off work?

Three boys were bragging about their fathers. One said,"My dad's so fast he can shoot an arrow and get to the target before the arrow does."

"That's nothing," the second boy replied. "My dad's so fast he can shoot a deer at 500 yards and get to the deer before it falls."

"Big deal!" the third said. "My dad works for the government and gets off work at 4:30, but he's so fast he gets home by 3:45."

4.2

±¹Á¦ ¿ÀÆä¶ó´ÜÀÌ ¸ß½ÃÄÚ¸¦ °ü±¤ÇÏ´Ù°¡ »êÀûµé¿¡°Ô °ø°ÝÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº ÆÇÃÝ ºô¶ó¿¡°Ô ²ø·Á°¬´Ù. ¼ÒÇÁ¶ó³ë´Â ±×³à°¡ ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ º¸¹°À̹ǷΠ¼®¹æÇØÁÙ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸Çß´Ù. "³ª´Â ÇÁ¸®¸¶ µ·³ª¿ä." ±×³à°¡ ÄÚ¿ôÀ½À» Ä¡¸ç ¸»Çß´Ù.

"ÇÁ¸®¸¶ µ·³ª¶ó°í?" ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº »êÀûÀÌ ºñ¿ôµí ¸»Çß´Ù. "Áõ¸íÇØºÁ! ³» ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ³ë·¡¸¦ ÇØºÁ!"

"³ë·¡¸¦ Ç϶ó°í? Áö±Ý?" ±×³à´Â °æ¸êÇϴ ǥÁ¤À¸·Î ±×¸¦ ¹Ù¶óº¸¸ç ¸»Çß´Ù. "¹ÝÁÖµµ ¾øÀÌ, µ·µµ ¾È ¹Þ°í? ÀÌ ÁöÀúºÐÇÑ Ä·ÇÁ¿¡¼­? ´ç½Å°°ÀÌ Ãµ¹ÚÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô? Â÷¶ó¸® Á×°Ú´Ù!"

"±×³à¸¦ ¼®¹æ½ÃÄÑ!" ºô¶ó°¡ ºÎÇϵ鿡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù. "±×³à´Â ÁøÂ¥ ÇÁ¸®¸¶ µ·³ª¾ß."

*set upon °ø°ÝÇÏ´Ù attack: ±×´Â °­µµµéÀ» ¸¸³ª µ·À» ´Ù ÅзȴÙ. He was set upon by robbers who took all his money.

*bandit »êÀû; ºñÀû an armed robber, especially one of an armed band who attack travelers in wild places

*notorious ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº famous or widely known for something bad: ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº »ìÀÎÀÚ a notorious murderer

*prima donna ÇÁ¸®¸¶ µ·³ª the main woman singer in an opera company

*sniff ºñ¿ôµí ¸»ÇÏ´Ù, °æ¸êÇÏ´Ù say in a proud complaining way: "°Ü¿ì ±×°Å¾ß," ±×³à´Â ºñ¿ôµí ¸»Çß´Ù. "I expected something rather nicer," she sniffed.

*infamous ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº well known for being bad, especially morally wicked: ¾Ç¸í ³õÀº ¹üÁËÀÚ an infamous criminal

*sneer ºñ¿ô´Ù show contempt by means of a derisive smile: ±×µéÀÇ Á¾±³¸¦ ºñ¿ôÁö ¸»¾Æ! Don't sneer at their religion.

*disdain °æ¸ê contempt: ±×´Â °æ¸êÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. He was treated with disdain.

*accompaniment ¹ÝÁÖ music played at the same time as singing or another instrument: ÇǾƳë·Î ¹ÝÁÖÇÏ´Ù